Fast, Highly-Sensitive, and Wide-Dynamic-Range Interdigitated Capacitor Glucose Biosensor Using Solvatochromic Dye-Containing Sensing Membrane

Abstract

In this paper, we proposed an interdigitated capacitor (IDC)-based glucose biosensor to measure different concentrations of glucose from 1 μM to 1 M. We studied four different types of solvatochromic dyes: Auramine O, Nile red, Rhodamine B, and Reichardt’s dye (R-dye). These dyes were individually incorporated into a polymer [polyvinyl chloride (PVC)] and N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) solution to make the respective dielectric/sensing materials. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time an IDC glucose biosensing system utilizing a solvatochromic-dye-containing sensing membrane. These four dielectric or sensing materials were individually placed into the interdigitated electrode (IDE) by spin coating to make four IDC glucose biosensing elements. The proposed IDC glucose biosensor has a high sensing ability over a wide dynamic range and its sensitivity was about 23.32 mV/decade. It also has fast response and recovery times of approximately 7 s and 5 s, respectively, excellent reproducibility with a standard deviation of approximately 0.023, highly stable sensing performance, and real-time monitoring capabilities. The proposed IDC glucose biosensor was compared with an IDC, potentiometric, FET, and fiber-optic glucose sensor with respect to response time, dynamic range width, sensitivity, and linearity. We observed that the designed IDC glucose biosensor offered excellent performance.

A High Sensitivity IDC-Electronic Tongue Using Dielectric/Sensing Membranes with Solvatochromic Dyes

“…The response as well as recovery time were approximately 12.92 s and 13.3 s, respectively. In [ 91 ], we reported for the first time an IDC-based glucose biosensing system which had a sensing/dielectric membrane containing a solvatochromic dye. The glucose biosensing system had a single channel, and the proposed IDC glucose biosensing system has a faster sensing response than the lipid-based IDC taste sensing system and its response and recovery times were about 7 s and 5 s respectively.…”

Highly Sensitive and Wide-Dynamic-Range Multichannel Optical-Fiber pH Sensor Based on PWM Technique

“…The pulse generator/modulation [47,48,49] unit consists of three units: a square-wave generator, a buffer amplifier, and a laser diode (LD) driver with LD. The square-wave generator produces a square wave with a frequency of 10 kHz and a 50% duty cycle.…”

“…To do this, Nile red and rhodamine-B were individually dissolved into different pH (2–12) of buffer solution to make 10 mM of Nile red and rhodamine-B containing pH solution, then we observed the absorption peak of those dyes containing pH solutions and we found that as the pH of a Nile red/rhodamine-B containing pH buffer solution increases, the absorption peak of the Nile red/rhodamine-B containing pH solution increases as well. The experimental setup of this experiment is discussed in detail in [48]. This occurs owing to a change in the refractive index of dye containing pH solution.…”

Study on self-assembled monolayer of functionalized thiol on gold electrode forming capacitive sensor for chromium(VI) determination

“…For detection of 4-nitrophenol, manganese dioxide/ reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite paper was fabricated for supercapacitor preparation [8]. Using the interdigitated electrode capacitors, glucose, based on solvatochromicdye-containing sensing membrane [9], and foodborne pathogenic Escherichia coli [10] were detected. A supercapacitor-based biosensor for low lipoprotein detection was also proposed [11].…”