FAST Modular Framework for Wind Turbine Simulation: New Algorithms and Numerical Examples

Sprague, Michael; Jonkman, Jason; Jonkman, Bonnie

doi:10.2514/6.2015-1461

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…23 and the necessary inputs are released with FAST v8 simulation tool. 24 The controller is not used because the rotational speed of the wind turbine is kept constant at 7.8 rpm and 10.17 rpm for a 6 m/s and 9 m/s hub-height wind speed, respectively. The next three subsections detail the flow, source, and propagation models.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistent modelling of wind turbine noise propagation from source to receiver

Barlas

Zhu

Shen

et al. 2017

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The unsteady nature of wind turbine noise is a major reason for annoyance. The variation of far-field sound pressure levels is not only caused by the continuous change in wind turbine noise source levels but also by the unsteady flow field and the ground characteristics between the turbine and receiver. To take these phenomena into account, a consistent numerical technique that models the sound propagation from the source to receiver is developed. Large eddy simulation with an actuator line technique is employed for the flow modelling and the corresponding flow fields are used to simulate sound generation and propagation. The local blade relative velocity, angle of attack, and turbulence characteristics are input to the sound generation model. Time-dependent blade locations and the velocity between the noise source and receiver are considered within a quasi-3D propagation model. Long-range noise propagation of a 5 MW wind turbine is investigated. Sound pressure level time series evaluated at the source time are studied for varying wind speeds, surface roughness, and ground impedances within a 2000 m radius from the turbine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistent modelling of wind turbine noise propagation from source to receiver

Barlas

Zhu

Shen

et al. 2017

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…The FAST modularization framework 30,43,44 was created to loosely couple multiphysics modules for time-domain simulation. Each module's internal variables are described by parameters (as constants) and states that are either continuous-in-time, discrete-in-time, constraints, or 'other' (e.g., logicals).…”

Section: Module Coupling Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modularization environment provides utilities for coupling nonmatching meshes in space and time. A detailed description of the coupling algorithm employed here can be found in Sprague et al, 44 which we summarize here for the simplified case in which each module is advanced with the same time increment t, and where we ignore details regarding the mapping of information between modules with nonmatching meshes. Assume that we know all states, inputs and outputs at time t. In order to advance the states of all modules from time t to t C t, the following steps must be performed, which are illustrated in Figure 3.…”

Section: Module Coupling Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

BeamDyn: A High-Fidelity Wind Turbine Blade Solver in the FAST Modular Framework

Wang

Johnson

Sprague

et al. 2015

33rd Wind Energy Symposium

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This paper presents a numerical implementation of the geometrically exact beam theory based on the Legendre-spectral-finite-element (LSFE) method. The displacement-based geometrically exact beam theory is presented, and the special treatment of three-dimensional rotation parameters is reviewed. An LSFE is a high-order finite element with nodes located at the Gauss-Legendre-Lobatto points. These elements can be an order of magnitude more computationally efficient than low-order finite elements for a given accuracy level. The new module, BeamDyn, is implemented in the FAST modularization framework for dynamic simulation of highly flexible composite-material wind turbine blades within the FAST aeroelastic engineering model. The framework allows for fully interactive simulations of turbine blades in operating conditions. Numerical examples are provided to validate BeamDyn and examine the LSFE performance as well as the coupling algorithm in the FAST modularization framework. BeamDyn can also be used as a stand-alone high-fidelity beam tool.Wind power is becoming one of the most important renewable energy sources in the USA. In recent years, the size of wind turbines has been increasing immensely to lower the cost of energy, which, because of weight restrictions, requires highly flexible turbine blades. This huge electromechanical system poses a significant challenge for engineering design and analysis. Although possible with modern super computers, direct three-dimensional (3-D) structural analysis is so computationally expensive that engineers are always seeking for more efficient, highly accurate models, especially in the context of coupled aeroelastics.Beam models are widely used to represent and analyse engineering structures that have one dimension that is much larger than the other two. Many engineering components can be idealized as beams: structural members of buildings and bridges in civil engineering, joists and lever arms in heavy-machine industries and helicopter rotor blades. The blades, tower and shaft in a wind turbine system can be analysed as beams. In the weight-critical applications of beam structures, like high-aspect-ratio wings in aerospace and wind energy applications, composite materials are attractive because of their superior strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios. However, analysis of composite-material structures is more difficult than their isotropic counterparts due to elastic-coupling effects. Furthermore, wind turbine blades are further complicated by their high flexibility and initial twist/curvatures, which must be treated in the underlying analysis. The geometrically exact beam theory (GEBT), first proposed by Reissner, 1 is a method that has proven powerful for analysis of highly flexible composite beams in the helicopter engineering community. During the past several decades, much effort has been invested in GEBT. Simo 2 and Simo and Vu-Quoc 3 extended Reissner's work to deal with 3-D dynamic problems. Jelenić and Crisfield 4 implemented GEBT using the finite-element me...

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“…Underpinning FAST is a modularization framework that enables coupling of various modules, each representing different physics domains of the wind system (Jonkman, 2013;Sprague et al, 2015). FAST version 8 (FAST v8) includes a mesh-mapping utility allowing each module to be independently discretized in space and time and a mathematically rigorous solution procedure supporting loose coupling of modules with implicit-coupling relations.…”

Section: Fast V8mentioning

confidence: 99%

A validation and code-to-code verification of FAST for a megawatt-scale wind turbine with aeroelastically tailored blades

et al. 2017

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Abstract. This paper presents validation and code-to-code verification of the latest version of the U.S. Department of Energy, National Renewable Energy Laboratory wind turbine aeroelastic engineering simulation tool, FAST v8. A set of 1141 test cases, for which experimental data from a Siemens 2.3 MW machine have been made available and were in accordance with the International Electrotechnical Commission 61400-13 guidelines, were identified. These conditions were simulated using FAST as well as the Siemens in-house aeroelastic code, BHawC. This paper presents a detailed analysis comparing results from FAST with those from BHawC as well as experimental measurements, using statistics including the means and the standard deviations along with the power spectral densities of select turbine parameters and loads. Results indicate good agreement among the predictions using FAST, BHawC, and experimental measurements. These agreements are discussed in detail in this paper, along with some comments regarding the differences seen in these comparisons relative to the inherent uncertainties in such a model-based analysis.

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FAST Modular Framework for Wind Turbine Simulation: New Algorithms and Numerical Examples

Abstract: NREL prints on paper that contains recycled content.

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Consistent modelling of wind turbine noise propagation from source to receiver

Consistent modelling of wind turbine noise propagation from source to receiver

BeamDyn: A High-Fidelity Wind Turbine Blade Solver in the FAST Modular Framework

A validation and code-to-code verification of FAST for a megawatt-scale wind turbine with aeroelastically tailored blades

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