Fast pyrolysis of lignins with different molecular weight: Experiments and modelling

Marathe, P.S.; Westerhof, Roel Johannes Maria; Kersten, Sascha R.A.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.058

Cited by 59 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Recently, the ejection theory postulated by Piskorz et al, i.e., ejection of oligomers from pyrolyzing biomass particles (along with depolymerization), was discussed and verified experimentally in works by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) analysis by Fratini et al and Montoya et al for lignin, Teixeira et al for cellulose, − and recently for lignin . Consequently, the detection of intermediate macromolecules and their formation pathways during gas phase pyrolysis of HL have become essential.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20−22 and recently for lignin. 23 Consequently, the detection of intermediate macromolecules and their formation pathways during gas phase pyrolysis of HL have become essential. For this matter, C 13 -NMR analysis was used to characterize the lignin structure and validate the wellknown decomposition of weak α-O-4 and β-O-4 bonds in the lignin macromolecule.…”

Section: Acs Sustainablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Components in Gas-Phase Pyrolysis of Hydrolytic Lignin

Barekati-Goudarzi

Boldor

Khachatryan

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Pyrolysis of hydrolytic lignin (HL) in newly designed, gas phase continuous droplet evaporation (CDE) and continuous atomization (CA) reactors was studied. The product distribution was strongly dependent on the heterogeneous character of either delivery of lignin solution into the CDE reactor (in situ formation of solid phase) or sampling conditions using quartz wool in both CDE and CA reactors. The effect of residence time, initial concentration of HL solution, and injection temperature on product distribution in the CDE reactor was investigated and discussed in terms of mass and heat transfer limitation. The experimental data confirm that at low initial mass delivery rates of lignin (micrograms per second) and by increasing initial lignin concentration (up to 40 times), the formation of phenolics is slightly intensified (six times). However, the solid surface or any condensed phase that forms in situ during the reaction in the gas phase may largely govern the pyrolysis processes. The detailed experimental examination of homogeneous pyrolysis of lignin in both gas-phase reactors by implication of diverse analytical techniques (gas chromatography, gel permeation chromatography, laser desorption/ionization, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance ) revealed break down of HL macromolecules into oligomer fragments after pyrolysis at negligible amounts of phenolics detected. A mechanistic interpretation of primary steps for formation of dominant intermediate products, oligomers and oligomer stable radicals, is represented.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acs Sustainablementioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Components in Gas-Phase Pyrolysis of Hydrolytic Lignin

Barekati-Goudarzi

Boldor

Khachatryan

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…It can be explained by the following facts: (1) the DES was able to disrupt and dissolve the lignin in CS, so that more hemicellulose and cellulose could be exposed and degraded . (2) The disrupted lignin was easier to pyrolyze and became volatile matter . Therefore, the solid yield of DCS/P decreased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ultrasonic/Torrefaction Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvents on the Upgrading of Bio-Oil from Corn Stalk

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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In this article, the influence of combined pretreatment such as ultrasonic or torrefaction assisted deep eutectic solvents (DESs) on upgrading the bio-oil from corn stalk was evaluated. Moreover, the influence of combined pretreatment on the composition and pyrolysis performance of corn stalk also was investigated. The results indicated that DES pretreatment mainly destroyed the structure of lignin and caused the exposure of more cellulose. Ultrasonic assisted DES pretreatment promoted the further dissolution of lignin due to the mechanical effect. The combined pretreatment of torrefaction and DES was beneficial for the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose. Moreover, DES pretreatment improved the yield of phenols (162.97 mg/g) and ketones (137.69 mg/g). The bio-oil yield decreased, but the phenols (the relative content reached 76.84%) were enriched via torrefaction+DES pretreatment. This research supplies an effective method for obtaining high value bio-oil with enrichment of different green chemicals from corn stalk.

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“…The fast pyrolysis of lignin is challenged by reactor feeding problems associated with the physical and chemical properties of lignin. Typically, lignin powder will melt at low temperatures (~200 • C), which can cause problems plugging the feed line and even the reactor [3,6,18]. Pretreating lignin with alkaline earth salts prior to fast pyrolysis can improve reactor feeding and pyrolysis [13].…”

Section: Feedstock Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Pyrolysis of Lignin Pretreated with Magnesium Formate and Magnesium Hydroxide

et al. 2020

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Kraft lignin (Indulin AT) pretreated with magnesium formate and magnesium hydroxide was fast-pyrolyzed in a continuously fed, bench-scale system. To avoid fouling issues typically associated with lignin pyrolysis, a simple laboratory test was used to determine suitable ranges of magnesium hydroxide and formic acid to lignin for feeding without plugging problems. Various feedstock formulations of lignin pretreated with magnesium hydroxide and formic acid were pyrolyzed. For comparison, calcium formate pretreated lignin was also tested. The organic oil yield ranged from 9% to 17% wt % on a lignin basis. Carbon yields in the oil ranged from 10% to 18% wt % on a lignin basis. Magnesium formate pretreatment increased oil yield and carbon yield in the oil up to 35% relative to the higher 1:1 g magnesium hydroxide/g lignin pretreatment. However, a lower magnesium hydroxide pretreatment (0.5:1 g magnesium hydroxide/g lignin) resulted in oil yields and carbon yields in the oils similar to the magnesium formate pretreatments. Magnesium formate pretreatment produced more oil but with a higher oxygen content than calcium formate under the same conditions. The GC-MS analysis of product oils indicated that phenols and aromatics were more prevalent in pyrolyzed magnesium-formate-pretreated lignin.

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Fast pyrolysis of lignins with different molecular weight: Experiments and modelling

Cited by 59 publications

References 72 publications

Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Components in Gas-Phase Pyrolysis of Hydrolytic Lignin

Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Components in Gas-Phase Pyrolysis of Hydrolytic Lignin

Influence of Ultrasonic/Torrefaction Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvents on the Upgrading of Bio-Oil from Corn Stalk

Fast Pyrolysis of Lignin Pretreated with Magnesium Formate and Magnesium Hydroxide

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