Fatal methaemoglobinemia due to intentional sodium nitrite ingestion

Wettstein, Zachary S.; Yarid, Nicole A; Shah, Sachita

doi:10.1136/bcr-2022-252954

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…13). (13) where: N -the experimental points (samples) number; q e -the NO 3 equilibrium (10) concentration in the adsorbent -solid phase, (mg/g); q e mod -equilibrium concentration of NO 3 in the adsorbent obtained (calculated) from the model, (mg/g).…”

Section: Isotherm Parameters Determination -Modelling Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methemoglobinemia is a condition of elevated methemoglobin in the blood and that cause symptoms, including headache, shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, low muscle coordination, anemia, intestinal dysfunction, cancer (nitrosamines products derived from nitrates and nitrites increase the risk of gastrointestinal cancer) and cyanosis (blue-colored skin). Moreover for a long run the serious complications may take a place including seizures and heart arrhythmias [9,10]. The currently applicable standard for the highest permissible concentration of nitrates in drinking water is 50 [mg/L] in accordance with Polish legislation [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adsorption Equilibrium Studies on the Example of Nitrate Removal Onto Char Produced from Waste Tires

Skwarczynska-Wojsa,

Szatyłowicz,

Skoczko

2024

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There have been investigated potential evaluation of equilibrium adsorption isotherm for the removal of nitrates from water solutions using two types of char (CH-1 and CH-2) produced in commercial-scale pyrolysis based on recycled waste rubber tires. Liquid phase adsorption studies were performed under batch conditions and maximum adsorption capacity was determined. Equilibrium data were mathematically modelled using two-parameters Langmuir, Freundlich, three-parameters Redlich-Peterson, Toth, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Radke-Praushnitz, combined Langmuir-Freundlich and four-parameters Fritz-Schlunder, Marczewski-Jaroniec, Bi-Langmuir adsorption models. Obtained results revealed the potential use of the studied char adsorbents for nitrates removal from aqueous media (the maximum adsorption capacity at equilibrium 10.07 mg/g, have been achieved for CH-1 char). The Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm had the best fit for the adsorption experimental data over the whole concentration range. The highest percentage of NO 3 removal efficiency onto CH-1 char achieved in NO 3 initial concentration range from 26.44 to 66.55mg/L reaching values in the range of from 80.74 to 78.7%.

show abstract

Section: Isotherm Parameters Determination -Modelling Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Equilibrium Studies on the Example of Nitrate Removal Onto Char Produced from Waste Tires

Skwarczynska-Wojsa,

Szatyłowicz,

Skoczko

2024

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, nitrite can cause the irreversible conversion of hemoglobin to methemoglobin in the bloodstream, compromising the ability of hemoglobin to exchange oxygen, thus interfering with the oxygen transport system in the body [12,13]. This hazard is particularly serious for pregnant women and infants, as well as for aquatic life [14,15]. In this regard, this phenomenon is known as "blue baby syndrome" in infants, and it is referred to as "brown blood disorder" disorder in fish [16].…”

Section: Toxicity Of Nitrites and Nitratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic Polystyrene-Based Hydrogels: Low-Cost and Regenerable Adsorbents to Electrostatically Remove Nitrites from Water

Alfei

Orlandi

Grasso

et al. 2023

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrites are metastable anions that are derived from the oxidation of ammonia by agricultural pollution, sewage, decaying protein, and other nitrogen sources. They are a recognized environmental issue due to their role in eutrophication, as well as in surface and groundwater contamination, being toxic to almost all living creatures. Recently, we reported on the high efficiency of two cationic resins (R1 and R2) forming hydrogels (R1HG and R2HG) by dispersion in water in removing anionic dyes from water by electrostatic binding. Here, aiming at developing adsorbent materials for nitrite remediation, R1, R2, R1HG, and R2HG were first tested in adsorption experiments in batches monitored by UV–Vis methods, using the Griess reagent system (GRS) in order to assess their removal efficiency by contact over time. Particularly, samples of water appositely contaminated with nitrites were analyzed by UV–Vis before and during treatment with the hydrogels. The initial concentration of nitrites was quantified (118 mg/L). Then, the removal of nitrites over time, the removal efficiency of R1HG (89.2%) and of R2HG (89.6%), their maximum adsorption (21.0 mg/g and 23.5 mg/g), as well as the adsorption kinetics and mechanisms were evaluated. Additionally, R1HG- and R2HG-based columns (h = 8–10 cm, ØE = 2 cm) mimicking mini-scale decontamination systems by filtration were used to rapidly filter samples of water polluted with nitrite that were under pressure. R1HG and R2GH were capable of totally removing nitrites (99.5% and 100%) from volumes of nitrite solutions that were 118 mg/L that is 10 times the volumes of resins used. Additionally, when extending filtration to increasing volumes of the same nitrite solution up to 60 times the volume of resins used, the removal efficiently of R1HG decreased, and that of R2HG remained stable at over 89%. Interestingly, both the worn-out hydrogels were regenerable by 1% HCl washing, without a significant reduction in their original efficiency. There is a lack of studies in the literature reporting on novel methods to remove nitrite from water. R1HG and especially R2HG represent low-cost, up-scalable, and regenerable column-packing materials with promise for applications in the treatment of drinking water contaminated by nitrites.

show abstract

“…The largest study on suicide nitrite poisoning to date relies exclusively on incidents that were reported to specialist poison centers, which led to a low case number (McCann et al., 2021). Many of the remaining studies focus on case reports and small case series (Brown et al., 2021; Matin et al., 2022; Mudan et al., 2020, 2021; Padovano et al., 2022; Stephenson et al., 2022; Vodovar et al., 2021; Wettstein et al., 2022; Yoon & Kim, 2022). No prior studies have used NVDRS data to analyze this method of suicide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide by sodium nitrite poisoning: Findings from the National Violent Death Reporting System, 2018–2020

Khan,

Barber,

Azrael

2024

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesSuicide by sodium nitrite may be an emerging trend in the United States. Our mixed‐methods study aims to: (1) describe the rates of suicides secondary to sodium nitrite self‐poisoning in the United States between 2018 and 2020 and (2) characterize the use of sodium nitrite as a suicide method.MethodsUsing NVDRS data, descriptive statistics, population‐based incident rates/year and incidence estimates across 50 states were calculated. An inductive thematic analysis characterized the use of sodium nitrite as a suicide method on review of medical examiner and law enforcement reports.Results260 incidents were identified as suicides secondary to self‐poisoning with sodium nitrite/nitrate across 37 states and 1 territory—69% of which occurred in 2020. The typical victim was a white male student with a known depressive disorder and a history of suicidal thoughts (n = 120). The annual suicide rate using sodium nitrite increased from 0.01–0.09/100,000 person‐years over the three‐year period. Online forums were used to share knowledge on the procurement and preparation of sodium nitrite poisoning.ConclusionsSodium nitrite self‐poisoning is an increasingly used planned suicide method among young people. Further studies are required to identify the impact of means safety interventions on the incidence of sodium nitrite self‐poisoning incidents.

show abstract

Fatal methaemoglobinemia due to intentional sodium nitrite ingestion

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Adsorption Equilibrium Studies on the Example of Nitrate Removal Onto Char Produced from Waste Tires

Adsorption Equilibrium Studies on the Example of Nitrate Removal Onto Char Produced from Waste Tires

Cationic Polystyrene-Based Hydrogels: Low-Cost and Regenerable Adsorbents to Electrostatically Remove Nitrites from Water

Suicide by sodium nitrite poisoning: Findings from the National Violent Death Reporting System, 2018–2020

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About