Fatal Methanol Ingestion in a Child: Case Report

Türkmen, Nursel; Eren, Bülent; Çetin, Gürsel

doi:10.14712/18059694.2016.117

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Permanent blindness appeared when the formate blood concentration was 3220 mg/L for 20 h or more from the inhibition of cytochrome oxidase (cytochrome oxidase) in the mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation process [ 22 ]. In a case report of a 4-year-old girl who was hospitalized with nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain in the emergency room, her blood methanol concentrations was 790 mg/L [ 30 ]. In a 1978 study of Swedish alcoholism, a cleaning liquid containing up to 80% methanol was ingested.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimations of the lethal and exposure doses for representative methanol symptoms in humans

Moon¹

2017

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

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BackgroundThe aim of this review was to estimate the lethal and exposure doses of a representative symptom (blindness) of methanol exposure in humans by reviewing data from previous articles.MethodsAvailable articles published from 1970 to 2016 that investigated the dose-response relationship for methanol exposure (i.e., the exposure concentration and the biological markers/clinical symptoms) were evaluated; the MEDLINE and RISS (Korean search engine) databases were searched. The available data from these articles were carefully selected to estimate the range and median of a lethal human dose. The regression equation and correlation coefficient (between the exposure level and urinary methanol concentration as a biological exposure marker) were assumed from the previous data.ResultsThe lethal human dose of pure methanol was estimated at 15.8–474 g/person as a range and as 56.2 g/person as the median. The dose-response relationship between methanol vapor in ambient air and urinary methanol concentrations was thought to be correlated. An oral intake of 3.16–11.85 g/person of pure methanol could cause blindness. The lethal dose from respiratory intake was reported to be 4000–13,000 mg/l. The initial concentration of optic neuritis and blindness were shown to be 228.5 and 1103 mg/l, respectively, for a 12-h exposure.ConclusionThe concentration of biological exposure indices and clinical symptoms for methanol exposure might have a dose-response relationship according to previous articles. Even a low dose of pure methanol through oral or respiratory exposure might be lethal or result in blindness as a clinical symptom.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimations of the lethal and exposure doses for representative methanol symptoms in humans

Moon¹

2017

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

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“…Between the years that these two major studies were conducted, there were several other case reports about fatal poisonings which were mainly due to unintentional endosulfan poisoning, fatal methanol ingestion, hydrogen sulfide toxicity in thermal spring, homicidal poisoning, and acute mercury poisoning . One of the very interesting studies about occupational fatalities among coal mine workers in Zonguldak, a Northern city of Turkey, showing one of the most important occupational problems in Turkey between 1994 and 2003 has been reported by Kucuker .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fatal Poisoning Pattern of Ankara (Turkey) and Nearby Cities from 2007 to June 2011: A Retrospective Study in Forensic Autopsies

Karaarslan

Karapirli

Kandemir³

et al. 2013

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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We aimed to obtain an outline of the nature and number of fatal poisonings which still appear to affect widely the population in Turkey. A total of 5921 forensic autopsies were performed between 2007 and 2011 in Ankara and nearby cities and 366 of them were fatal poisonings (219 male, 147 female). Most of the cases were between 41 and 60 years old (n = 84). Most of the fatalities were reported during winter months (48.1%). Carbon monoxide exposure was the most common reason (66.7%) within all the causes followed by medicine and narcotics (13.9%). Postmortem blood alcohol concentrations in ethyl and methyl alcohol poisonings were 385.1 ± 61.9 and 206.8 ± 138.9 mg/dL, respectively. The most common location of deaths was home (71.3%). Fatal poisonings have been a growing global problem because of some shortcomings about the socioeconomic conditions and increasing illicit drug abuse. The level of education, socioeconomic conditions, and legal approaches are very important for the prevention fatal poisonings.

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“…The rate of methanol intoxication in children aged between 0 and 12 years was found as 55.7% (29). In a study conducted by Türkmen et al (30) it was reported that when the medical history of a 4-yearold girl with complaints of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain was taken, she had drunk washing solution 2 days before. Toxicological studies performed following autopsy have shown that blood level of methanol is 79 mg/dL.…”

Section: Methanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Common Non-pharmacological Chemical Substance Poisonings in Childhood

Ünüvar¹

2017

jpr

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Songül Ünüvar ABS TRACTÖz Acute intoxications in adolescents and adults are mostly associated with intentional or accidental ingestions. Intoxications are commonly seen in children aged between 1 and 5 years and most of the cases are associated with accidental intake. In most of the children, no clinical symptoms related to intoxication are observed or only mild effects can develop. The main route of drug elimination is through kidneys. Absolute clearance in children is often lower than in adults but weight-adjusted clearance is higher. Depending on more rapid elimination in children the plasma half-life of the drug might be shorter in children than in adults. A shorter elimination half-life means that plasma steady-state is achieved with repeated doses. It is important to prevent childhood intoxications, and the use of child-resistant packaging and adequate supervision together with the secure storage of household substances are the basis of prevention of accidental childhood intoxications. Intoxications represent one of the most common medical emergencies in children, and epidemiological characteristics vary in different countries. Therefore, special epidemiological surveillance is necessary for each country to determine the problem according to which preventive measures should be taken. Early awareness and taking appropriate therapeutic measures seems to be effective in the reduction of mortality rate. The major and most common non-pharmacological chemical intoxications in childhood have been reviewed here with the intent of helping health-care professionals, particularly pediatricians to recognize and reduce the risk of harmful childhood intoxications. Keywords: Childhood, intoxication, child health, antidote Ergen ve yetişkinlerdeki akut zehirlenmeler çoğunlukla kasıtlı veya kazara alımlar ile ilişkilidir. Bir ve beş yaş arasındaki çocuklarda zehirlenmeler yaygın görülmektedir ve olguların çoğu kazara alımlara bağlıdır. Çocukların çoğunda zehirlenmeye bağlı hiçbir klinik belirti gözlenmez veya sadece hafif etkiler gelişebilir. İlaç eliminasyonu esas olarak böbrekler aracılığı ile olur. Çocuklarda mutlak klerens yetişkinlere göre genellikle daha düşüktür, fakat vücut ağırlığına göre hesaplanan klerens daha yüksektir. Çocuklarda daha hızlı eliminasyona bağlı olarak, ilacın plazma yarı ömrü yetişkinlere kıyasla daha kısa olabilir. Eliminasyon yarı-ömrünün daha kısa olması, plazma kararlı durumuna tekrarlanan dozlarda ulaşıldığı anlamına gelir. Çocukluk çağı zehirlenmelerinin önlenmesi önemlidir, çocuk emniyeti olan ambalaj kullanılması ve evsel ürünlerin kontrollü olarak güvenli muhafaza edilmeleri, kazara oluşan çocukluk çağı zehirlenmelerinin önlenmesinin esasını oluşturur. Zehirlenmeler, çocukluk çağında en sık görülen acil tıbbi durumlardan biridir ve epidemiyolojik özellikleri ülkeden ülkeye farklılık göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, sorunu belirlemek için hangi önleyici tedbirlerin alınabileceği konusunda her ülke için özel epidemiyolojik takip gereklidir. Zehirlenmelerde erken farkındalık ve uygun terapötik ...

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Fatal Methanol Ingestion in a Child: Case Report

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Estimations of the lethal and exposure doses for representative methanol symptoms in humans

Estimations of the lethal and exposure doses for representative methanol symptoms in humans

The Fatal Poisoning Pattern of Ankara (Turkey) and Nearby Cities from 2007 to June 2011: A Retrospective Study in Forensic Autopsies

Evaluation of Common Non-pharmacological Chemical Substance Poisonings in Childhood

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