Fatigue Induced Changes in Muscle Strength and Gait Following Two Different Intensity, Energy Expenditure Matched Runs

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate changes in hip and knee strength, kinematics, and running variability following two energy expenditure matched training runs; a medium intensity continuous run (MICR) and a high intensity interval training session (HIIT).Methods: Twenty (10 Females, 10 Males) healthy master class runners were recruited. Each participant completed the HIIT consisting of six repetitions of 800 m with a 1:1 work: rest ratio. The MICR duration was set to match energy expenditure of the HIIT session. Hip and knee muscular strength were examined pre and post both HIIT and MICR. Kinematics and running variability for hip and knee, along with spatiotemporal parameters were assessed at start and end of each run-type. Changes in variables were examined using both 2 × 2 ANOVAs with repeated measures and on an individual level when the change in a variable exceeded the minimum detectable change (MDC).Results: All strength measures exhibited significant reductions at the hip and knee (P < 0.05) with time for both run-types; 12% following HIIT, 10.6% post MICR. Hip frontal plane kinematics increased post run for both maximum angle (P < 0.001) and range of motion (P = 0.003). Runners exhibited increased running variability for nearly all variables, with the HIIT having a greater effect. Individual assessment revealed that not all runners were effected post run and that following HIIT more runners had reduced muscular strength, altered kinematics and increased running variability.Conclusion: Runners exhibited fatigue induced changes following typical training runs, which could potentially present risk of injury development. Group and individual assessment revealed different findings where the use of MDC is recommended over that of P-values.

The Association of Fatigue With Decreasing Regularity of Locomotion During an Incremental Test in Trained and Untrained Healthy Adults

“…Our working hypotheses are that the fatigue that develops in the final stages of the Bruce protocol will negatively affect locomotion regularity and that fitness level may affect locomotion regularity as well. These hypotheses are in line with previous literature regarding regularity ( Schütte et al, 2015 ) and adopting different metrics based on a state space approach ( Riazati et al, 2020 ) while comparing fatigue effects before and after exercise ( Schütte et al, 2015 ; Riazati et al, 2020 ). Given that contrasting factors affect regularity in the Bruce protocol (i.e., positive for speed increments and negative for fatigue accumulation), a simple linear model is not expected to fit well.…”

“…This result confirms what was shown in previous studies (albeit with some methodological differences and different outcome variables). The main methodological difference was the continuous monitoring of the regularity index, whereas previous measurement sessions preceded and followed a fatiguing exercise ( Schütte et al, 2015 ; Riazati et al, 2020 ). In one study, the outcome variables included the regularity ( Schütte et al, 2015 ), while in another study, a space-state approach was adopted to quantify variability ( Riazati et al, 2020 ).…”

Gait and Neuromuscular Changes Are Evident in Some Masters Club Level Runners 24-h After Interval Training Run

“…Despite this, there has been a limited examination of the fatigue experienced during typical training sessions. Riazati et al ( 2020 ) examined the effect of medium intensity continuous runs and HIIT on gait and muscular strength. They reported gait and strength decrements following both training types, with HIIT inducing greater changes.…”

Injury Incidence and Pattern in Elite Young Male and Female Trail Runners

“…Additionally, more than half of acute sudden onset injuries are to the ankle, while the second most affected area, the knee, is usually by repetitive sudden onset or repetitive gradual onset. During the competition, the body is subjected to greater demands and fatigue, which increases the injury risk [52]. However, the prevalence of acute sudden onset injuries may also be due to the risks athletes take in intensity sports [53].…”