Fatty Acid and Polar Lipid Composition in the Classification of Cellulomonas, Oerskovia and Related Taxa

Abstract

Strains representing the taxa Cellulomonas, Oerskovia, Brevibacterium fermentans, Corynebacterium manihot and Nocardia cellulans were degraded by acid methanolysis and the non‐hydroxylated fatty acid esters released examined by thin‐layer and gas chromatography. The major fatty acid in all strains was 12‐methyltetradecanoic acid (anteiso C15) which occurred together with other anteiso acids, iso and straight‐chain acids. The fatty acid profiles of the cellulomonads were distinguished by the presence of 13‐carbon acids and significantly higher proportions of straight‐chain acids than found in the other test strains whose profiles were closely similar to one another. Two‐dimensional thin‐layer chromatography showed that almost identical and very characteristic polar lipid patterns were given by all the organisms under study: the only major components were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and two phospho‐glycolipids chromatographing similarly to, but distinguishable from, the mono‐ and diacyl phosphatidylinositol dimannosides characteristic of Nocardia and other actinomycetes. The accumulated lipid data support the reclassification of B. fermentans, Cor. manihot and N. cellulans in the genus Oerskovia.

Flexivirga alba gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterial taxon in the family Dermacoccaceae

“…Strain ST13 T was subjected to chemotaxonomic analysis for its classification in the family Dermacoccaceae, including menaquinones, 13 polar lipids, 17 wholecell sugars 18 and DNA G+C content. 19 Analysis of cellular fatty acids was carried out using the Microbial Identification System version 4.02 (MIDI, Inc., Newark, DE, USA), 20 and the results were compared with the ACTINO library in the Microbial Identification System.…”

Nutrient limitations to bacterial and fungal growth during cellulose decomposition in tropical forest soils

“…The sum of the 21 PLFAs relative to the internal standard was also used as a relative measure of total biomass (totPLFA). The PLFA a15:0, which is widely found in Gram+ bacteria from the genus Cellulomonas (Lednická et al 2000; Minnikin et al 1979), was used as an indicator for cellulose-decomposing bacteria. The PLFA 18:2ω6,9 was used as an indicator for fungal biomass, with that of 18:1ω9 as additional evidence of fungal origin, although it is not a perfect indicator of fungi (Frostegård et al 2011).…”

Rhodococcus defluvii sp. nov., isolated from wastewater of a bioreactor and formal proposal to reclassify [Corynebacterium hoagii] and Rhodococcus equi as Rhodococcus hoagii comb. nov.

“…The isolate contained dihydrogenated menaquinones with eight isoprene units [MK-8(H 2 )] as the major isoprenologue and minor amounts of MK-6(H 2 ) and MK-7(H 2 ). Polar lipids were extracted by the method of Minnikin et al (1979) and identified according to Collins & Jones (1980). Strain Ca11 T exhibited a lipid pattern consisting of diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), one unknown phospholipid (PL) and an unknown glycolipid (GL) and traces of phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIM) (Fig.…”