Fatty acid shifts and metabolic activity changes of Schizochytrium sp. S31 cultured on glycerol

Chang, Guifang; Luo, Zhenglin; Gu, Sitian; Wu, Qinghang; Chang, Ming; Wang, Xingguo

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.05.030

Cited by 87 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The experimental data included in this paper indicate that the activity of ME was highly influenced by nitrogen availability in the medium, since ME activity started to decrease after nitrogen exhaustion. A similar trend was reported by Chang et al (2013) for Schizochytrium sp. However, in the case of Rhodosporidium toruloides and Trichosporon cutaneum, the ME activity was noticed to be higher in the lipid accumulation phase compared to that in cell growth phase (Zhu et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2013).…”

Section: Lipogenic Activity During the Life Cycle Of D Etchellsiisupporting

confidence: 73%

“…However, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is also an important source of NADPH (Wasylenko et al, 2015). The biochemical pathway described above, permitting the conversion of sugars to lipids, is common in oleaginous eukaryotic micro-organisms and has been discussed previously in several studies together with FA compositional shifts that occur in oleaginous cells (Papanikolaou et al, 2004;Makri et al, 2010;Chang et al, 2013;Bellou et al, 2016). However, the regulatory mechanisms of lipid accumulation in ascospores and during transition from asexual to sexual reproduction are not yet fully elucidated while knowledge of the FA distribution in individual lipid fractions is rather limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty acid biosynthesis during the life cycle of Debaryomyces etchellsii

2016

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Fatty acid biosynthesis during the life cycle of the ascomycetous yeast Debaryomyces etchellsii cultivated on a non-fermentable substrate, i.e. glycerol, in nitrogen rich media (NRM) and nitrogen limited media (NLM) has been studied. Although considerable activities of key lipogenic enzymes, such as ATP citrate lyase (ACL) and malic enzyme (ME), were detected in vegetative cells during asexual proliferation (which occurred in the first growth stages in both NRM and NLM), lipid accumulation was restricted due to the high activities of NAD + -isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD + -ICDH). A similar enzymatic profile has been found in ascii and free ascospores produced in NRM; thus lipid accumulation was low. On the contrary, very high activities of both ACL and ME and low activities of NAD + -ICDH were detected in ascii and free ascospores produced in NLM resulting in lipid accumulation. Neutral lipids (NL) were the predominant fraction of cellular lipids produced in vegetative cells and ascospores in both NRM and NLM. On the other hand, phospholipids (P) were the major polar lipids while glycolipids (G) were synthesized in low proportions. During transition from asexual to sexual phase, the percentage of NL increased with a significant decrease of P and, to a lesser extent, of G. High quantities of linoleic acid were found esterified in polar lipids, especially in P, during the vegetative stage of growth, while, with a few exceptions, during transition from asexual to sexual stage, linoleic acid concentration decreased markedly, mainly in P, while oleic acid concentration increased.

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Section: Lipogenic Activity During the Life Cycle Of D Etchellsiisupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid biosynthesis during the life cycle of Debaryomyces etchellsii

2016

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“…In fact, reserved lipid turnover commonly happened after transition from carbon excess to carbon starved conditions (Chang et al 2013). Afterwards, net lipid productivity and lipid yield also declined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar results were found in Scenedesmus rubescens (Lin and Lin 2011), Schizochytrium sp. S31 (Chang et al 2013), C. Vulgaris var. L3 (Ikaran et al 2015), Nannochloropsis salina (Fakhry and El Maghraby 2015) and Chlorella sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth kinetics, fatty acid composition and metabolic activity changes of Crypthecodinium cohnii under different nitrogen source and concentration

et al. 2017

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The effect of varying concentrations of the nitrogen source on the growth kinetics, lipid accumulation, lipid and DHA productivity, and fatty acid composition of C. cohnii was elucidated. Growth of C. cohnii was in three distinct growth stages: cell growth, lipid accumulation and a final lipid turnover stage. Most of lipids were accumulated in lipid accumulation stage (48–120 h) though, slow growth rate was observed during this stage. NaNO3 supported significantly higher lipid content (26.9% of DCW), DHA content (0.99 g/L) and DHA yield (44.2 mg/g glucose) which were 2.5 to 3.3-folds higher than other N-sources. The maximum level of C16–C18 content (% TFA) was calculated as 43, 54 and 43% in lipid accumulation stage under low nitrogen (LN, 0.2 g/L), medium nitrogen (MN, 0.8 g/L) and high nitrogen (HN, 1.6 g/L) treatments, respectively. Cultures with LN, by down-regulating cell metabolism, trigger onset of lipogenic enzymes. Conversely, NAD+/NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+/NADP+-ICDH) were less active in LN than HN treatments which resulted in retardation of Kreb’s Cycle and thereby divert citrate into cytoplasm as substrate for ATP-citrate lyase (ACL). Thereby, ACL and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were most active in lipid accumulation stage at LN treatments. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was more active than malic enzyme (ME) in lipid accumulation stage and showed higher activities in NaNO3 than other N-sources. This represents that G6PDH contributes more NADPH than ME in C. cohnii. However, G6PDH and ME together seems to play a dual role in offering NADPH for lipid biosynthesis. This concept of ME together with G6PD in offering NADPH for lipogenesis might be novel in this alga and needed to be explored.

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“…Propyl gallate, a well-known antioxidant used in the food industry as a preservative, is also reported to block pyruvate transport into mitochondria and is also a non-competitive inhibitor of Δ5 and Δ6 desaturase enzymes, potentially changing the fatty acid profile in microorganisms including thrautochytrids (Eler, Peralta, & Bracht, 2009;Kawashima, Akimoto, Shirasaka, & Shimizu, 1996).Therefore, we chose to study of effects of propyl gallate, and the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), on thraustochytrids fermentation to determine the impact on DHA productivity, using the strain designated Schizochytrium sp. S31 (Chang, Luo, Gu, Wu, & Wang, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%