Fatty Acids in Serum Cholesteryl Esters as Quantitative Biomarkers of Dietary Intake in Humans

Zock, P.L.; Mensink, Ronald P.; Harryvan, J.L.; Vries, J.H.M. de; Katan, Martijn B.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009074

Cited by 164 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The one point assessment of HADS-D on its own might not be enough to measure depression in the present study. (4) A previous study reported that serum FAs were reflected by dietary FA intake in the past 3 weeks (Zock et al, 1997). In the present study, the durations of all subjects between the time points of performing the HADS and blood sampling had a mean value of 3.6 days and standardised deviation of 5.0 days, and those of 95% of all subjects were under 15 days.…”

Section: Serum Fatty Acid and Depression In Cancer Patients M Kobayaksupporting

confidence: 48%

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Levels of omega-3 fatty acid in serum phospholipids and depression in patients with lung cancer

et al. 2005

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Previous studies suggested that omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) have therapeutic effects against depression, but there is no evidence in the oncological setting. Our preliminary study reported the association between lower omega-3 FA intake and occurrence of depression in lung cancer patients. To explore the association further, the present study examined whether depression was associated with lower levels of omega-3 FAs in serum phospholipids. A total of 717 subjects in the Lung Cancer Database Project were divided into three groups by two cutoff points of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale depression subscale (HADS-D). In all, 81 subjects of the nondepression and minor depression groups (HADS-Do5 and 5pHADS-Dp10, respectively) were selected to match with 81 subjects of the major depression group (HADS-D410) for age, gender, clinical stage, and performance status. Fatty acids were assayed by gas chromatography and compared among the three matched groups. There were no differences between the major depression group and nondepression group in any FAs. The minor depression group had higher mean levels of docosahexaenoic acid (mean7s. Major and minor depressions are one of the most common psychiatric problems in clinical oncological settings (Derogatis et al, 1983;Razavi and Stiefel, 1994;McDaniel et al, 1995). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), one of the omega-3 fatty acids (FAs), is a major component of membrane FAs in brain neural cells and lack of DHA has been shown to alter neural transmission in animal studies (Bruinsma and Taren, 2000;Innis, 2000;Ng and Innis, 2003). Previous studies have shown associations between DHA or its precursor, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, omega-3 FA), and major depression in subjects without cancer (Edwards et al, 1998;Hibbeln, 1998;Peet et al, 1998;Maes et al, 1999). Other studies have shown their possible therapeutic potential with few adverse effects in clinical trials (Nemets et al, 2002;Peet and Horrobin, 2002;Su et al, 2003). In the oncological setting, the use of antidepressants has been limited due to their adverse effects (Akizuki et al, 2002;Fisch, 2004). In our previous pilot study to obtain information for planning interventional research, depression in cancer patients was not associated with either EPA or DHA intakes, but was associated with lower intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA: major omega-3 FAs in diet, precursor of EPA and DHA) (Suzuki et al, 2004). To elucidate any such association in detail, the present study was designed to examine our hypothesis that lower levels of omega-3 FAs (EPA, DHA) in serum phospholipids are associated with major and minor depression in lung cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study design and subjectsThe present study was a three matched group case -control study, based in part on the Lung Cancer Database Project, which was a prospective cohort study for investigation of the pathogenesis of and development of new therapy for lung cancer at the National Cancer Center Hospital East and the National Cancer Center Research Institute East, ...

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Section: Serum Fatty Acid and Depression In Cancer Patients M Kobayaksupporting

confidence: 48%

“…Serum FAs were reflected by dietary FA intake in the past 3 weeks (Zock et al, 1997). After storing the samples for about 2 h at 41C, serum was separated by centrifugation (1870g, 10 min), and stored at À801C till measurements (4 -5 years).…”

Section: Measurement Of Fa Composition Of Serum Phospholipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of omega-3 fatty acid in serum phospholipids and depression in patients with lung cancer

et al. 2005

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“…LDL-fatty acid compositions might not closely reflect fatty acid status as plasma or erythrocyte phospholipids did (Dougherty et al, 1987). But serum cholesteryl ester fatty acid composition has also been widely used as a biomarker for fatty acid intake (Zock et al, 1997). The fatty acids in LDL are predominantly esterified to cholesterol and they contribute to the majority of plasma cholesteryl ester fatty acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on blood lipids, estrogen metabolism, and in vivo oxidative stress in postmenopausal vegetarian women

Wang

et al. 2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background: Vegetarians are generally deficient in long-chain n-3 fatty acids. Long-chain n-3 fatty acids have a beneficial effect on plasma lipid levels, and some studies showed that they had breast cancer suppression effect. One of the biomarkers of breast cancer risk is the ratio of urinary 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE 1 ) to 16a-hydroxyestrone (16a-OHE 1 ). Objective: To investigate the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) supplementation on blood lipids, estrogen metabolism and oxidative stress in vegetarians. Design: Single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Interventions: Twenty-seven postmenopausal vegetarian women were recruited. After a 2-week run-in period with 6 g placebo corn oil, the subjects were subsequently randomized to receive either 6 g corn oil (n ¼ 13) or 6 g DHA-rich algae oil (2.14 g of DHA/day) (n ¼ 14) for 6 weeks. Two subjects in corn oil group withdrew before completion. Main outcome measures: Plasma lipids, urinary 2-OHE 1 and 16a-OHE 1 , urinary F 2 -isoprostanes and plasma a-tocopherol. Results: Plasma LDL-DHA and EPA level increased significantly by DHA supplementation. DHA decreased plasma cholesterol (C) levels (P ¼ 0.04), but did not influence the levels of plasma TG, LDL-C and HDL-C, a-tocopherol, urinary F 2 -isoprostanes, 2-OHE 1 , 16a-OHE 1 and ratio of 2-OHE 1 to 16a-OHE 1 as compared to corn oil. Conclusion: DHA supplementation at a dose of 2.14 g/day for 42 days decreases plasma cholesterol but neither does it show beneficial effects on estrogen metabolism, nor does it induce deleterious effects on the observed in vivo antioxidant or oxidative stress marker in postmenopausal vegetarian women.

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“…Fatty acids in serum cholesteryl esters are considered to be quantitative biomarkers of long-term dietary intake in humans (Zock et al, 1997). Both a-linolenic acid and linoleic acid increased after the walnut diet, but the extent was greater for a-linolenic acid (76.3 and 107% for women and men, respectively) than for linoleic acid (7.4 and 9.4% for women and men, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum lipid profiles in Japanese women and men during consumption of walnuts

et al. 2002

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Objective: To determine the serum cholesterol, apolipoproteins and LDL oxidizability in young Japanese women and men during walnut consumption and to evaluate its active principle. Design: Experimental study with a randomized design. Subjects: Twenty healthy women and 20 healthy men. Interventions: Subjects were randomly assigned to consume each of two mixed natural diets for 4 weeks in a cross-over design. Reference and walnut diets were designed and the walnut diet had 12.5% of the energy derived from walnuts (44 -58 g=day). Results: The total cholesterol and serum apolipoprotein B concentrations, and the ratio of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol was significantly lowered in women and men when fed on the walnut diet, than when on the reference diet (P 0.05). The LDL cholesterol concentration was significantly lowered in women on the walnut diet (0.22 mmol=l, P ¼ 0.0008), whereas this decrease was not significant in men (0.18 mmol=l, P ¼ 0.078). The most prominent change in the fatty acid composition of the cholesteryl esters from serum after the walnut diet was an elevation of a-linolenic acid in women (76%, P < 0.001) and men (107%, P < 0.001). This elevation was negatively correlated to the change in LDL cholesterol in women (r ¼ 0.496, P ¼ 0.019) and men (r ¼ 0.326, P ¼ 0.138). The LDL oxidizability in women was not influenced by the diets (P ¼ 0.19). Conclusions: a-Linolenic acid in the walnut diet appears to be responsible for the lowering of LDL cholesterol in women.

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Fatty Acids in Serum Cholesteryl Esters as Quantitative Biomarkers of Dietary Intake in Humans

Cited by 164 publications

References 48 publications

Levels of omega-3 fatty acid in serum phospholipids and depression in patients with lung cancer

Levels of omega-3 fatty acid in serum phospholipids and depression in patients with lung cancer

Effects of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on blood lipids, estrogen metabolism, and in vivo oxidative stress in postmenopausal vegetarian women

Serum lipid profiles in Japanese women and men during consumption of walnuts

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