“…Although offering a pragmatic solution to a complex problem, the fundamental shortcomings and limitations of this approach have been pointed out by several workers (Fredman et al, 2008;Manzocchi et al, 2010Manzocchi et al, , 2008Tueckmantel et al, 2012;Tveranger et al, 2005). These methods are restricted by the convention of representing complex fault zones, which are essentially 3D geological features, as membranes.…”