Fauna de besouros bioluminescentes (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Lampyridae; Phengodidae, Elateridae) nos municípios de Campinas, Sorocaba-Votorantim e Rio Claro-Limeira (SP, Brasil): biodiversidade e influência da urbanização

Abstract

beetles (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Lampyridae, Phengodidae, Elateridae) in the municipalities of Campinas, Sorocaba-Votorantim and Rio Claro-Limeira (SP, Brazil): biodiversity and influence of urban sprawl. Biota Neotrop. 10(2): http://www.biotaneotropica. org.br/v10n2/en/abstract?article+bn03010022010.Abstract: Brazil hosts the richest biodiversity of bioluminescent beetles in the world. However, no surveys on the regional biodiversity have been made. Furthermore, studies on the effect of urbanization on bioluminescent beetle's biodiversity are still missing. Such kind of studies could be especially helpful to select new night environment bioindicators. Bioluminescent species of the Elateroidea superfamily occurring in three large and expanding urban areas in São Paulo State: Campinas, Sorocaba-Votorantim and Rio Claro-Limeira municipalities, were catalogued. In Campinas, the occurrence of bioluminescent beetles in different sites has been monitored during the past 20 years. There were 26 species in Campinas, 21 in Sorocaba-Votorantim and 19 in Rio Claro-Limeira, occurring mainly in conserved remnants of Atlantic Rain-forest, secondary growths, marshes and open fields. Whereas fireflies (Lampyridae) are found in almost all habitats, click beetles (Elateridae) and railroadworms (Phengodidae) occur predominantly in woody environments. Urban sprawl has an evident impact on the biodiversity of this selected group of beetles, and special attention should be given to the effect of artificial night lighting in the occurrence of these beetles. The lampyrids Aspisoma lineatum Gyllenhal, 1817 (Lampyrinae: Cratomorphini) and Bicellonychia lividipennis Motschulsky 1854 (Photurinae) are the most common species in urbanized areas, whereas many other species of lampyrids, elaterids and phengodids are rarely found in such environments. These studies offer insights on the potential use of a selected group of luminescent beetles found in this region as nocturnal environment bioindicators. Resumo: O Brasil abriga a maior biodiversidade de besouros bioluminescentes do mundo. Apesar disto, levantamentos faunísticos regionais e estudos sobre o efeito da urbanização na biodiversidade de vaga-lumes são inexistentes. Este tipo de estudo pode ser especialmente importante para selecionar novos bioindicadores de ambientes noturnos. A biodiversidade de espécies bioluminescentes de Elateroidea em três grandes áreas urbanas no Estado de São Paulo: os municípios de Campinas, Sorocaba-Votorantim e Rio Claro-Limeira foi catalogada. Em Campinas, a ocorrência de espécies tem sido monitorada durante os últimos 20 anos. Foi registrada a ocorrência de 26 espécies em Campinas, 21 em Sorocaba e 19 em Rio Claro, sendo estas encontradas principalmente em áreas de Mata Atlântica, crescimentos secundários, brejos e campos. Apesar de vaga-lumes lampirídeos serem encontrados em todos os habitats, elaterídeos e fengodídeos ocorreram encontrados preferencialmente em áreas florestadas. A expansão urbana, em especial a iluminação artificial tem impacto evidente ...

Relationship between bird-of-prey decals and bird-window collisions on a Brazilian university campus

“…S1 -Suppl. material 1) (Viviani et al 2010). Buildings cover 46,402 m 2 or nearly 6.5% of the total campus area (University City Hall, unpublished data).…”

Bioluminescent Coleoptera of Biological Station of Boracéia (Salesópolis, SP, Brazil): diversity, bioluminescence and habitat distribution

“…Among Lampyridae, the following number of species was found in different subfamilies and tribes: (Photurinae) 11; (Lampyrinae) 18; Cratomorphini: 5; Photinini: 5; Lamprocerini: 2: Lucidotini: 2;Lampyrini: 1; (Amydetinae): 1. There was a predominance of the subfamily Photurinae in relation to other localities investigated in São Paulo state (Viviani et al 2010) (Table 1). According to observations of bioluminescence activity of lampyrids in the field, the most frequent species were Photinus fuscus Germar 1824 and Pyrogaster sp.2 inside the forest, but Magnoculus sp.3, Cratomorphus distinctus Olivier 1895 and several species of Photurinae were also quite frequent, although less abundant, in the period from October to December.…”

“…Table 1 lists the species found in their respective habitats, and Figure 8 shows the frequency of species of different families in different habitats. Most of the species (22) was found in dense ombrophyl forest, followed by secondary growths and at the borders of forest (8) (Viviani et al 2010). Aspisoma physonotum Gorham 1884 and Pyrogaster moestus Germar 1824 are also found in transition between open fields and forest, especially at the edges of the semi-seasonal forest and secondary growths in the municipalities of Campinas, Sorocaba and Rio Claro (Viviani et al 2010).…”

“…Most of the species (22) was found in dense ombrophyl forest, followed by secondary growths and at the borders of forest (8) (Viviani et al 2010). Aspisoma physonotum Gorham 1884 and Pyrogaster moestus Germar 1824 are also found in transition between open fields and forest, especially at the edges of the semi-seasonal forest and secondary growths in the municipalities of Campinas, Sorocaba and Rio Claro (Viviani et al 2010). Photuris sp.7 was found in open fields close to the forest, from the seashore up to the semi-seasonal forest in Sorocaba.…”

“…On the other hand, bioluminescent beetles are not used for such purposes yet, despite their unique capacity to produce light which may render them convenient bioindicators at night. Fireflies and other bioluminescent beetles, because depend on their bioluminescence for reproduction (Lloyd 1983, Lewis 2010) and other biological functions (De Cock 2009), may constitute sensitive indicators for investigating the impact of artificial illumination in the environment at night (Lloyd 2006, Viviani et al 2010.…”