Feasibility of simple exercise interventions for men with osteoporosis – A prospective randomized controlled pilot study

Abstract

Background Aging is associated with progressive loss of musculoskeletal performance. Exercise interventions can improve physical function in the elderly but there is a paucity of comparative assessments in order to understand what specific goals can be achieved particularly with less demanding exercise interventions readily accessible for untrained men. Methods Prospective randomized, controlled, single center exploratory trial to compare four distinct exercise interventions, i.e. Resistance Training (RT), Whole Body Vibration Exercise (WBV), Qi Gong (QG) and wearing a Spinal orthosis (SO) for 6 months in men at risk for osteoporosis aged 65–90 years. Primary endpoint was change in isometric one repetition maximum force trunk strength for extension (TSE) and flexion (TSF) compared to baseline, secondary endpoints covered key parameters of geriatric functional assessment, including Handgrip Strength (HS), Chair-Rise-Test (CRT), Usual Gait Speed (UGS) and Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG). Results Altogether 47 men (mean age 77 ±6.1 years) were randomized to RT, ( n = 11) WBV ( n = 13), QG ( n = 10) and SO(n = 13). RT, defined as reference exercise intervention, lead to significant improvements for TSE ( p = 0.009) and TSF ( p = 0.013) and was significantly superior in the between-group analysis for TSE ( p = 0.038). Vibration exercise caused sign. Improvements in TSE ( p = 0.014) and CRT ( p = 0.005), the Spinal orthosis improved CRT ( p = 0.003) and Gait Speed ( p = 0.027), while the QG intervention did not attain any sig. Developments. Subgroup analyses revealed most pronounced musculoskeletal progress in vulnerable patients (age ≥ 80 years, pre-sarcopenia, multimorbidity ≥3chronic diseases). Irrespective of the type of exercise, participants ≥80 years experienced significant gains in TSE ( p = 0.029) and CRT ( p = 0.017). Presarcopenic subjects (Skeletal muscle Index (SMI) ≤10.75 kg/m 2 ) improved in TSE ( p = 0.003), CRT ( p = 0.001) and UGS ( p = 0.016). Multimorbid participants achieved sig. Gains in TSE ( p < 0.001), TSF ( p = 0.002), UGS ( p = 0.036) and HS ( p = 0.046). Conclusions In this exploratory trial we found that simple exercise interventions are feasible in elderly men eliciting specific benefits, i.e. improvements are attained in those tasks addressed with the respective exercise modality. While targeted resistance training is superior in increasing TSE, alterna...

Exercise and Musculoskeletal Health in Men With Low Bone Mineral Density: A Systematic Review

“…Thirteen studies, originating from 6 different trials, were selected for inclusion. 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 Minor differences between papers originating from the same trial included different trial lengths and different study outcomes. The characteristics and findings of the included articles were tabulated ( tables 2 and 3 ).…”

“…Data from the 13 eligible studies 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 were manually extracted, qualitatively synthesized, and tabulated by a single reviewer (K.H. ; tables 2 and 3 ).…”

“… TH BMD only improved with RT, not JUMP. Genest et al, 2021 27 RT: 2 × /week OR WBV: 2 × /week OR Qi Gong: 2 × /week Duration: 6 months No CG No primary outcomes. One repetition maximum force isometric measurement of trunk strength for extension and flexion on a stationary machine Functional tests: handgrip strength, CRT, usual gait speed, TUG RT is superior to WBV and Qi Gong in improving trunk strength and gait speed.…”

Does Whole-Body Vibration Training Have a Concurrent Effect on Bone and Muscle Health? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Online supplementary Table 2 [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] summarizes all studies excluded from full-text review and the reasons for exclusion, as per AMSTAR2 guidelines. Online supplementary Table 3 [60][61][62][63][64][65][66] summarizes all studies included in the review.…”

Pinch Endurance in Elderly People

“…In many countries, there are lots of measurable items of physical function for their citizens. In recent years, there has been a great deal of clinical and research interest in sarcopenia and frailty as a means of evaluating prediction of the event [1][2][3][4]. As for evaluation of sarcopenia and frailty, many theories have been proposed to relate them to various evaluation methods [5,6].…”