Feasibility of Using Proteins from Salmonella gallinarum vs. 9R Live Vaccine for the Prevention of Fowl Typhoid in Chickens

Abstract

Proteins from a field strain of Salmonella gallinarum MSG1 were compared with 9R live vaccine strain for their protection against experimental fowl typhoid in chickens. Proteins from S. gallinarum gave better protection than the 9R live vaccine as measured by clearance of challenge organism from internal organs. Proteins given twice with an adjuvant at 200 micrograms/100 g body weight resulted in 95% protection, compared with 60% protection with 9R given orally. The 9R live vaccine produced more hepatic and splenic lesions and, when administered orally as a single dose, was the least protective (60%). In the group vaccinated subcutaneously with a single dose of 9R without an adjuvant, both the challenge strain and the 9R vaccine strain were isolated from the ovaries of some birds. All chickens vaccinated with 9R strain or with proteins developed antibodies detectable by microagglutination test, and in some vaccinated groups as many as 100% of the birds developed antibody levels detected by seroagglutination.

Comparative evaluation of safety and efficacy of a live Salmonella gallinarum vaccine candidate secreting an adjuvant protein with SG9R in chickens

“…However, the commercially available live SG9R vaccine strain has several drawbacks such as residual virulence in internal organs and insufficient protection, and its use is limited to layer breeds older than 6 weeks of age (Bouzoubaa et al, 1989;Silva et al, 1981;Van Immerseel et al, 2013). To overcome these safety concerns, killed or inactivated vaccines may offer a better alternative.…”

Physiology, pathogenicity and immunogenicity oflonand/orcpxRdeleted mutants ofSalmonellaGallinarum as vaccine candidates for fowl typhoid

“…Vaccination with a rough mutant strain referred to as 9R, for the control of FT, was initially reported about half a century ago [36]. However, residual virulence has been observed and the protection provided has been insufficient [6]. Alternative vaccine strategies including a number of live vaccine candidates have been investigated during the last two decades.…”

Evaluation of Salmonella Gallinarum ghost formulated with Montanide™ ISA 70 VG adjuvant as a vaccine against fowl typhoid

“…Among the immunised groups, the chickens vaccinated with the ghost plus Montanide ISA TM 70 VG showed higher survival rates compared to those from chickens vaccinated with the ghost alone. Until recently, very few efforts have been directed toward the production of safe and immunogenic inactivated vaccines against fowl typhoid (Bouzoubaa et al, 1987;Bouzoubaa et al, 1989;Chaudhari et al, 2012;Jawale et al, 2014;Jawale and Lee, 2014b). The results of the current study highlight further progress in the development of inactivated S. Gallinarum vaccines.…”