Feedback multiplier flat-panel television: II—Technologies

Cosentino, L. S.; Christiano, V.; Endriz, John G.; Stockdale, George F.; Cooper, John L.; Hewitt, John N.; Harrison, James

doi:10.1109/t-ed.1979.19603

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Two approaches emerged. In that led by John Endriz, an x-array of 500 line cathodes fed electrons into 480 vanes of secondary emission multipliers ( Cosentino et al. 1979 ; Endriz et al.…”

Section: The Visual Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two approaches emerged. In that led by John Endriz, an x-array of 500 line cathodes fed electrons into 480 vanes of secondary emission multipliers (Cosentino et al 1979;Endriz et al 1979). The other team, including Tom Credelle and Tom Stanley, favoured a normal thermionic cathode injecting electrons into a series of box guides at 90 • to the line of the gun.…”

Section: (Iv) Flat Cathode Ray Tubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flat-panel electronic displays: a triumph of physics, chemistry and engineering

Hilsum

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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This paper describes the history and science behind the development of modern flat-panel displays, and assesses future trends. Electronic displays are an important feature of modern life. For many years the cathode ray tube, an engineering marvel, was universal, but its shape was cumbersome and its operating voltage too high. The need for a flat-panel display, working at a low voltage, became imperative, and much research has been applied to this need. Any versatile flat-panel display will exploit an electro-optical effect, a transparent conductor and an addressing system to deliver data locally. The first need is to convert an electrical signal into a visible change. Two methods are available, the first giving emission of light, the second modulating ambient illumination. The most useful light-emitting media are semiconductors, historically exploiting III–V or II–VI compounds, but more recently organic or polymer semiconductors. Another possible effect uses gas plasma discharges. The modulating, or subtractive, effects that have been studied include liquid crystals, electrophoresis, electrowetting and electrochromism.A transparent conductor makes it possible to apply a voltage to an extended area while observing the results. The design is a compromise, since the free electrons that carry current also absorb light. The first materials used were metals, but some semiconductors, when heavily doped, give a better balance, with high transmission for a low resistance. Delivering data unambiguously to a million or so picture elements across the display area is no easy task. The preferred solution is an amorphous silicon thin-film transistor deposited at each cross-point in an X–Y matrix.Success in these endeavours has led to many applications for flat-panel displays, including television, flexible displays, electronic paper, electronic books and advertising signs.

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“…Two approaches emerged. In that led by John Endriz, an x-array of 500 line cathodes fed electrons into 480 vanes of secondary emission multipliers ( Cosentino et al. 1979 ; Endriz et al.…”

Section: The Visual Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (Iv) Flat Cathode Ray Tubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flat-panel electronic displays: a triumph of physics, chemistry and engineering

Hilsum

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Field-assisted bonding below 200 °C using metal and glass thin-film interlayers

Lee

Sequeda

Salem

et al. 1987

Applied Physics Letters

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Bonding between similar or dissimilar surfaces with metal and glass thin-film interlayers as well as bulk glass plates using an electric field assisted bonding technique at 160 °C or less is described. This low-temperature field-assisted bonding is achieved using, e.g., few μm thick glass films rf magnetron sputter deposited from Na or Li silicate glasses, and 0.05–1.0 μm thick Al, Sn, Mg, and Hf films. The bond strength thus achieved is found to be greater than the cohesive strength of the glass used. Results from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses confirm the migration across the glass layer and the plating out on the cathode surfaces of mobile ions such as Na+ or Li+ during field-assisted bonding. The migration and plating out of mobile ions can be detected in 10 s after the potential is applied and whether actual bonding between the metal and glass occurs or not. The possible bonding mechanism based on these XPS results is proposed.

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Feedback multiplier flat-panel television: II—Technologies

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Flat-panel electronic displays: a triumph of physics, chemistry and engineering

Flat-panel electronic displays: a triumph of physics, chemistry and engineering

Field-assisted bonding below 200 °C using metal and glass thin-film interlayers

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