Feeding by a ?nonfeeding? larva: uptake of dissolved amino acids from seawater by lecithotrophic larvae of the gastropod Haliotis rufescens

Jaeckle, William; Manahan, Donal T.

doi:10.1007/bf00391067

Cited by 91 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The majority of studies examin ing the nutritional role of DOM have focused primarily on indirect estimations of beneWt attained by calcula tions based on metabolic activity and uptake rate (e.g., Jaeckle and Manahan 1989;Shilling and Manahan 1994;Jaeckle 1994;Ben-David-Zaslow and Benayahu 2000). Direct comparisons determining the actual beneWt of DOM transport to growth, survivability and reproduc tion of organisms are almost wholly lacking from the lit erature and have yielded contradictory results (e.g., Shick 1975;Ferguson 1980a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental treatments used were FSW, UV-irradi ated seawater (UVSW), UVSW enriched with 1 �M each of alanine, aspartic acid, glucose and glycine (Mixture), and UVSW enriched with 1 �M of Palmitic acid. Alanine, aspartic acid, glucose, glycine and PA were selected for DOM enrichment based on previous studies that found each of these compounds to be read ily transported by various animals (e.g., Stephens and Schinske 1961;Stephens 1962;Shick 1975;Ferguson 1980b;Manahan et al 1982;Manahan 1983;Jaeckle and Manahan 1989;Jaeckle 1994Jaeckle , 1995. The concen trations utilized were based on concentrations natu rally occurring in surface water (Benner 2003).…”

Section: Performance Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following these initial observa tions, numerous studies have demonstrated the uptake of dissolved organics by invertebrates in both adults (e.g., Ferguson 1982) and larvae (reviewed by Manahan 1990). For example, Jaeckle and Manahan (1989) found larvae of the red abalone Haliotis rufescens could trans port basic, neutral, and acidic amino acids, and that this transport could potentially account for 70 and 39% of the metabolic needs of 2-and 3-day-old larvae, respec tively. More recently, it has been demonstrated for lar vae of the bryozoan B. neritina that the rate of uptake of palmitic acid (PA) was suYcient to account for 21-72% of the total energetic requirements (Jaeckle 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, potential ben eWts have been estimated by comparing metabolic expenditure and the amount of energy gained through rates of DOM uptake (e.g., Jaeckle and Manahan 1989;Shilling and Manahan 1994;Jaeckle 1994;Ben-DavidZaslow and Benayahu 2000). A more direct assessment of the energetic and ecological beneWts of DOM trans port could be achieved through performance compari sons of individuals in the presence and absence of DOM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Availability of dissolved organic matter offsets metabolic costs of a protracted larval period for Bugula neritina (Bryozoa)

Johnson

Wendt

2006

Mar Biol

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For nearly a century researchers have inves tigated the uptake and utilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by marine invertebrates, but its contribu tion to their growth, reproduction, and survival remains unclear. Here, the beneWt of DOM uptake was assessed for the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina (Linnaeus 1758) through performance comparisons of individuals in the presence and absence of DOM. The experiments were performed using B. neritina collected from Xoating docks in Beaufort, NC, USA from July to September 2004. Seawater was subjected to ultraviolet irradiation to reduce naturally occurring DOM, and then enriched with either 1 �M of palmitic acid or a mixture containing 1 �M each of glucose, alanine, aspartic acid and glycine. Larvae in DOM-enriched and DOM-reduced treat ments were sampled and induced to metamorphose fol lowing 1, 6, 12, and 24 h of continuous swimming at 25°C. Sampled larvae were assessed for initiation of metamorphosis, completion of metamorphosis, and ancestrular lophophore size to determine the extent to which energy acquired from DOM uptake could oVset the metabolic costs of prolonged larval swimming. DOM treatment had no signiWcant eVect on initiation of metamorphosis, but did have a signiWcant eVect on comple tion of metamorphosis and lophophore size. Larvae swimming in DOM-enriched treatments for 24 h experi enced a 20% increase in metamorphic completion rate, compared to larvae swimming for 24 h in the DOMreduced treatment. In addition, larvae in the amino acid and sugar mixture for 24 h had a signiWcantly larger lophophore surface area and volume (23 and 31%, respectively), compared to larvae in DOM-depleted sea water. To ensure that the increases in performance found in larvae with access to DOM were not due to a decrease in metabolic activity, the respiration rates for these larvae were compared to those of larvae in DOMdepleted seawater. There were no signiWcant diVerences between these treatments, indicating that the increases in performance were due to the energy acquired from DOM. These results clearly show that for B. neritina, DOM uptake results in increased metamorphic success and in the size of the feeding apparatus following an extended larval swimming duration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Performance Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Availability of dissolved organic matter offsets metabolic costs of a protracted larval period for Bugula neritina (Bryozoa)

Johnson

Wendt

2006

Mar Biol

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“…Larvae can also take up a variety of small molecules from seawater for internal usage (Jaeckle and Manahan, 1989). Haliotis larvae can transport amino acids from the environment into their bodies, thereby acquiring energy (Manahan, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin Injections Induce Metamorphosis in Larvae of the Gastropod Mollusc Ilyanassa obsoleta

Couper

Leise

1996

The Biological Bulletin

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Abstract:Bath-applied serotonin (5-HT) induces competent larvae of the marine snail Ilyanassa obsoleta to metamorphose. Previously, the mode of action of 5-HT, whether as an external ligand or as an internal neurotransmitter, was unknown. Larvae were injected with 10 -4 M 5-HT and other pharmacological agents to provide evidence that serotonergic neurons are necessary for metamorphosis in Ilyanassa larvae and that serotonin functions as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator during this process. About 50% of 5-HT-injected animals metamorphose within 48 hours. Fluoxetine, a 5-HT re-uptake inhibitor, and alpha-methy1-5-hydroxytryptamine (αm5HT), a 5-HT agonist, were also effective inducers of metamorphosis. Gramine (3-[dimethyl-aminomethyl]indole), a 5-HT antagonist, inhibited the inductive activity of 5-HT, while the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) resulted in rates of morphological restructuring similar to those of controls. Collectively, the results of our experiments support the idea that serotonergic neurons are active during larval metamorphosis of Ilyanassa and that 5-HT does not induce metamorphosis by binding to epidermal chemoreceptors.

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Biochemical composition, metabolism, and amino acid transport in planula-larvae of the soft coralHeteroxenia fuscescens

Ben-David-Zaslow

Benayahu

2000

J. Exp. Zool.

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Feeding by a ?nonfeeding? larva: uptake of dissolved amino acids from seawater by lecithotrophic larvae of the gastropod Haliotis rufescens

Cited by 91 publications

References 29 publications

Availability of dissolved organic matter offsets metabolic costs of a protracted larval period for Bugula neritina (Bryozoa)

Availability of dissolved organic matter offsets metabolic costs of a protracted larval period for Bugula neritina (Bryozoa)

Serotonin Injections Induce Metamorphosis in Larvae of the Gastropod Mollusc Ilyanassa obsoleta

Biochemical composition, metabolism, and amino acid transport in planula-larvae of the soft coralHeteroxenia fuscescens

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