Feeding diets with graded levels of fermented soybean meal to Pacific whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931): Effect on digestive enzymes, immune responses and carcass composition

Abstract

A 45-days indoor trial was performed to assess the effect of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on digestive enzyme activity, immune responses and carcass composition of amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals in Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931). Five iso-nitrogenous diets were formulated by replacing fishmeal (w/w) with FSBM (200, 250, 300. 350 and 400 g kg-1). A total of 300 juveniles (3.08±0.07 g) were randomly distributed to the experimental tanks at the rate of twenty shrimp per tank with three replications for each treatment. Protease activity (p<0.05) decreased with increase in the inclusion level of fermented ingredients. Shrimp fed with FSBM300 diet had a significantly (p<0.05) higher amylase activity than others. Whereas, the lipase activity was not affected significantly due to the dietary change. Total haemocyte count varied from 11.24 to18.54x106 cells ml-1 in FSBM diet fed shrimps. Control group showed highest activity of phenoloxidase (2.85 dopochrome ml-1) but it did not significantly differ from other treatments. Shrimp fed fermented ingredients had no significant difference in carcass amino acids. Eicosapentaenoic (C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acids (C22:6) were significantly (p<0.05) affected in shrimp reared with FSBM350 and FSBM400 diets. Calcium had a significant difference between the treatments, while other elements were not influenced. The results concluded that fishmeal could be partially substituted with fermented ingredients in the diet of P. vannamei without having any negative effect on immune responses and carcass micro-nutrients.

Beneficial effects, challenges and opportunities of the filamentous fungus,Aspergillus nigerwith special reference to the shrimp feed industry—A review

“…vannamei reared on diets comprising A . niger fermented peanuts, rapeseed and soybean meals did not differ significantly from those fed a control diet in terms of proximate, amino acid, fatty acid and minerals 164,165 . This is consistent with the findings of Sun et al 166 who fed fermented cottonseed meal to P .…”

“…Our prior studies demonstrated that P. vannamei reared on diets comprising A. niger fermented peanuts, rapeseed and soybean meals did not differ significantly from those fed a control diet in terms of proximate, amino acid, fatty acid and minerals. 164,165 This is consistent with the findings of Sun et al 166 who fed fermented cottonseed meal to P. vannamei. Relatively higher survival was obtained with the A. niger fermented ingredients even at higher inclusion.…”

Aquafeed fermentation improves dietary nutritional quality and benefits feeding behavior, meat flavor, and intestinal microbiota of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

“…(2016) found that the concentrations of free amino acids, which are related to good taste (i.e., umami and sweet), were increased in the carp muscle after feeding with thermophile-fermented compost. Jannathulla et al. (2019) also reported significant changes in eicosatetraenoic acid (C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6) contents of shrimp fed with different levels of fermented soybean meal.…”

Effect of dietary soy-lecithin on growth and body composition of Indian black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798) reared under hyperosmotic stress condition

“…The lipid classes such as phospholipids, triacylglycerides and cholesterol in shrimp were estimated by Fiske and Subbarow (1925), Rice (1970) and Parekh and Jung (1970) method, respectively in a UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV1800-Shimadzu, Japan). Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared according to Metcalfe et al (1966) and were subsequently injected into a gas chromatograph (GC-2014, Shimadzu) equipped with RTX-wax capillary column (100 m length × 0.25 mm I.D × 0.2 µm film thickness) and flame ionisation detector (FID) according to Jannathulla et al (2019a).…”