Fermentation, degradation and microbial nitrogen partitioning for three forage colour phenotypes within anthocyanidin‐accumulating <i>Lc</i>‐alfalfa progeny

Jonker, Arjan; Gruber, Margaret Y.; Wang, Yuxi; Narvaez, Nelmy; Coulman, Bruce; McKinnon, J. J.; Christensen, David A.; Azarfar, Arash; Yu, Peiqiang

doi:10.1002/jsfa.5619

Cited by 11 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The VFA production patterns of our alfalfa samples were consistent with their gas production as HB12i also had lower gas production compared with TT8i and WT . Individual VFA production is mainly derived from specific substrates, such as cellulose for acetate, starch, and protein for propionate, and soluble fiber for butyrate . Similar acetate production between WT and TT8i suggests similar cellulose content between them.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Effective degradation of DM and NDF were calculated as ED DM = S + D × K d /( K d + K p ) and ED NDF = D × K d /( K d + K p ). Passage rate (K p ) was assumed to be 4.5% per hour as described by Jonker et al …”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Jonker et al . analyzed in vitro DM and crude protein (CP) degradation of Lc ‐transgenic alfalfa populations with similar incubation methods.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Of all VFA productional data, the kinetics of total VFA, acetate and propionate were obtained successfully with the non‐linear model of P = a (1 − e − c ( t − lag ) ), which was previously described in Lei et al . and Jonker et al . In this model, P is VFA production at time t , a is asymptotic gas production, c is the fractional rate (%/h), t is the incubation hours, and lag is the initial delay of the onset of VFA production.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Average production (AP) of VFA was calculated as AP = a × c ÷ (2 × ( ln 2 + c × lag )), as described in Lei et al . and Jonker et al …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of silencing TT8 and HB12 on in vitro nutrients degradation and VFA production in relation to molecular structures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Lei

Hannoufa

Wang³

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Transparent Testa8 (TT8) and Homeobox12 (HB12) are two transcriptional factors in plant phenylpropanoid pathways and were reported to be positively related to lignin content. Alfalfa with silenced TT8 (TT8i) and HB12 (HB12i) was therefore generated using the RNA interference (RNAi) technique. Although lignin was found to be high in HB12i, such gene‐silencing of alfalfa resulted in nutrient profiles that might be suitable for grazing. To extend the nutritional evaluation of transformed alfalfa, ground samples of 11 HB12i, 5 TT8i and 4 wild type (WT) were incubated in rumen fluid : buffer solution for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h at 39 °C. Dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradations at each time point, and production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) at 4, 12, 24 and 48 h were analyzed, as well as degradation and production kinetics. The correlations and regressions between nutritive profiles and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectral parameters were determined. RESULTS Both transformed genotypes had lower DM degradation and HB12i had lower VFA production compared with WT. Structural carbohydrate (STC) parameters were found to be negatively correlated with DM degradation and VFA production. The kinetics of DM degradation and VFA production were predicted from spectral parameters with good estimation power. CONCLUSION Silencing of HB12 and TT8 affected fermentation characteristics of alfalfa and some fermentation characteristics were predictable from spectral parameters using ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Jonker et al . analyzed in vitro DM and crude protein (CP) degradation of Lc ‐transgenic alfalfa populations with similar incubation methods.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Average production (AP) of VFA was calculated as AP = a × c ÷ (2 × ( ln 2 + c × lag )), as described in Lei et al . and Jonker et al …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of silencing TT8 and HB12 on in vitro nutrients degradation and VFA production in relation to molecular structures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Lei

Hannoufa

Wang³

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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What makes protein indigestible from tissue‐related, cellular, and molecular aspects?

Becker

2013

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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This paper gives an insight into key factors, which impair enzymatic protein digestion. By nature, some proteins in raw products are already poorly digestible because of structural peculiarities, or due to their occurrence in plant cytoplasmic organelles or in cell membranes. In plant-based protein, molecular and structural changes can be induced by genetic engineering, even if protein is not a target compound class of the genetic modification. Other proteins only become difficult to digest due to changes that occur during the processing of proteinaceous products, such as extruding, boiling, or acidic or alkaline treatment. The utilization of proteinaceous raw materials in industrial fermentations can also have negative impacts on protein digestibility, when reused as fermentation by-products for animal nutrition, such as brewers' grains. After consumption, protein digestion can be impeded in the intestine by the presence of antinutritional factors, which are ingested together with the food or feedstuff. It is concluded that the encircling matrix, but also molecular, chemical, and structural peculiarities or modifications to amino acids and proteins obstruct protein digestion by common proteolytic enzymes in humans and animals.

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Infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopic analysis and quantitative detection of forage spectral features in ruminant systems

Deng

Guevara-Oquendo

et al. 2020

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectros

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Fermentation, degradation and microbial nitrogen partitioning for three forage colour phenotypes within anthocyanidin‐accumulating Lc‐alfalfa progeny

Abstract: The Lc-alfalfa phenotypes accumulated anthocyanidin. Fermentation and degradation parameters indicated a reduced rate of fermentation and effective degradability for both purple anthocyanidin-accumulating Lc-alfalfa phenotypes compared with NT-alfalfa.

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of silencing TT8 and HB12 on in vitro nutrients degradation and VFA production in relation to molecular structures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Effects of silencing TT8 and HB12 on in vitro nutrients degradation and VFA production in relation to molecular structures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

What makes protein indigestible from tissue‐related, cellular, and molecular aspects?

Infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopic analysis and quantitative detection of forage spectral features in ruminant systems

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