Fertility effects of abortion and birth control pill access for minors

Guldi, Melanie

doi:10.1353/dem.0.0026

Cited by 95 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We exploit variation within states and years in the ages at which the pill was accessible to single women, and find that extending access to the pill to younger women in a given year lowers birth rates by about 8 percent for those women in the following year (off of a base of 74 births per 1,000 women); this effect is robust to a variety of specifications. These results are made stronger by including state-by-year indicators, lending further support to the arguments of Guldi (2008), Hock (2007), Bailey (2006), and Goldin and Katz (2002) that the legal diffusion of the pill can successfully be used for identification of causal impacts of increased access to oral contraception.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

The Power of the Pill for the Next Generation: Oral Contraception's Effects on Fertility, Abortion, and Maternal and Child Characteristics

Ananat

Hungerman

2012

Review of Economics and Statistics

131

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper considers how oral contraception’s diffusion to young unmarried women affected the number and parental characteristics of children born to these women. In the short-term, pill access caused declines in fertility and increases in both the share of children born with low birthweight and the share born to poor households. In the long-term, access led to negligible changes in fertility while increasing the share of children with college-educated mothers and decreasing the share with divorced mothers. The short-term effects appear to be driven by upwardly-mobile women opting out of early childbearing while the long-term effects appear to be driven by a retiming of births to later ages. These effects differ from those of abortion legalization, although we find suggestive evidence that pill diffusion lowered abortions. Our results suggest that abortion and the pill are on average used for different purposes by different women, but on the margin some women substitute from abortion towards the pill when both are available. JELNo. I0, J13, N12.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

The Power of the Pill for the Next Generation: Oral Contraception's Effects on Fertility, Abortion, and Maternal and Child Characteristics

Ananat

Hungerman

2012

Review of Economics and Statistics

131

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The move toward lower legal drinking ages occurred during a period when age-of-majority laws were being liberalized, such as age of birth control access (Guldi, 2008). Thus, MLDA associations may be confounded with these other policy changes, which may also have influenced drinking and drug use behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of minimum legal drinking age laws on marijuana and other illicit drug use in adulthood

Krauss

Cavazos‐Rehg

Agrawal

et al. 2015

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Exposure to permissive minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) laws (ability to purchase alcohol <21 years) during adolescence can have long-term effects, including heavy alcohol use or alcohol use disorders as adults. We examined whether exposure to permissive MLDA laws during adolescence has long-term effects on illicit drug use and disorders in adulthood. Methods Participants from the 2004-2012 National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were linked with historical state MLDA laws. Participants born in 1949-1972 (age 31-63 years at observation, n=110,300) were analyzed because they came of legal age for alcohol purchase when changes occurred in state MLDA laws. Logistic regression was used to model drug use measures as a function of exposure to permissive MLDA during adolescence, adjusting for state and birth-year fixed effects, demographics, and salient state characteristics. Results Rates of past month use, past year use, and abuse/dependence of marijuana were 4.7%, 7.8%, and 1.2% respectively. Rates of past month use, past year use, and abuse/dependence of illicit drugs other than marijuana were 2.9%, 6.2%, and 0.7%, respectively. Among the full sample, exposure to permissive MLDA laws was not significantly associated with drug use or abuse/dependence in adulthood. Men exposed to permissive MLDA laws were at 20% increased odds of past year illicit drug use (aOR 1.20, 95% CI 1.09-1.32). Conclusions Restricting alcohol access during adolescence did not increase long-term drug use. Allowing the purchase of alcohol among those less than 21 years of age could increase the risk of drug use later in life.

show abstract

“…Taken as a whole, there is little empirical evidence to suggest that state-level abortion restrictions are associated with either significantly higher or lower rates of teen childbearing (Kearney & Levine 2015; Levine 2004). However, there is suggestive evidence that these policies, especially parental involvement notification laws, might partially account for declining rates of teen births among certain demographic subgroups, specifically White women (Guldi 2008; Joyce 2006). …”

Section: Potential Joint Explanations For Recent Trends In Crime Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Declines in Crime and Teen Childbearing: Identifying Potential Explanations for Contemporaneous Trends

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives The previous 25 years have witnessed remarkable upheavals in the social landscape of the United States. Two of the most notable trends have been dramatic declines in levels of crime as well as teen childbearing. Much remains unknown about the underlying conditions that might be driving these changes. More importantly, we do not know if the same distal factors that are responsible for the drop in the crime rate are similarly implicated in falling rates of teen births. We examine four overarching potential explanations: fluctuations in economic opportunity, shifting population demographics, differences in state-level policies, and changes in expectations regarding health and mortality. Methods We combine state-specific data from existing secondary sources and model trajectories of violent crime, homicides, robberies, and teen fertility over a 20-year period from 1990 to 2010 using simultaneous fixed-effects regression models. Results We find that 4 of the 21 predictors examined - growth in the service sector of the labor market, increasing racial diversity especially among Hispanics, escalating levels of migration, and the expansion of family planning services to low-income women – offer the most convincing explanations for why rates of violent crime and teen births have been steadily decreasing over time. Moreover, we are able to account for almost a quarter of the joint declines in violent crime and teen births. Conclusions Our conclusions underscore the far reaching effects that aggregate level demographic conditions and policies are likely to have on important social trends that might, at first glance, seem unrelated. Furthermore, the effects of policy efforts designed to target outcomes in one area are likely to spill over into other domains.

show abstract

Fertility effects of abortion and birth control pill access for minors

Cited by 95 publications

References 46 publications

The Power of the Pill for the Next Generation: Oral Contraception's Effects on Fertility, Abortion, and Maternal and Child Characteristics

The Power of the Pill for the Next Generation: Oral Contraception's Effects on Fertility, Abortion, and Maternal and Child Characteristics

Long-term effects of minimum legal drinking age laws on marijuana and other illicit drug use in adulthood

Declines in Crime and Teen Childbearing: Identifying Potential Explanations for Contemporaneous Trends

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About