Fertilizers and Mixed Crop Cultivation of Chromium Tolerant and Sensitive Plants under Chromium Toxicity

Abstract

Zea mays (maize) and Vigna radiata (green gram) are found to be the chromium (Cr) tolerant and sensitive plants, respectively. In the present paper, we investigate the reduction of the toxicity of Cr in the sensitive plants by the mixed crop cultivation in the field using various amendments. Further, the potassium dichromate was used as the source of hexavalent Cr. The results indicated that Cr adversely affects both the growth and yield of plants. The soil properties vary with Cr and different fertilizer amendments and the yield of both plants were affected by Cr. We conclude that metal accumulation of seeds of green gram was higher than corn and the application of single fertilizer either farm yard manure (FYM) or nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium (NPK) enhances the growth and yield of both the tolerant and sensitive plants in the mixed crop cultivations.

Influence of gibberellic acid and different salt concentrations on germination percentage and physiological parameters of oat cultivars

“…It ranged (48.03%) and (59.64%) in fresh weight and (46.455) and (56.47%) in dry weight respectively. The similar results reported by Dheeba et al (2015) who showed that salinity reduced the fresh and dry weight of plants. Deficiency in dry and fresh biomass at higher concentration might be due to poor absorption of water from the growth medium due to physiological drought (Ramezani et al, 2011).…”

“…1a and Table 2). Salinity, in usual case has the inhibitory impact on germination of seeds in wheat, (Zhang et al, 2013) in oat species and (Dheeba et al, 2015) in black gram. The cultivar UPO-212 exhibited highest germination percentage at all levels of salinity inclusive control, but the lowest reduction was achieved by cultivar NDO-2 in all treatment.…”

Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties

“…Furthermore, Cr deposition in agricultural soils is a global concern as it is non-biodegradable and adversely affects plant growth by decreasing photosynthetic pigments, which results in decreased productivity [8][9][10][11]. Cr is classified as a non-essential metal as it does not have any major biological functions [12].…”

Hydrogen sulfide alleviates chromium stress on cauliflower by restricting its uptake and enhancing antioxidative system

“…Cr is the main center of attention as it has a toxic effect on crops grown in contaminated soils (Dhal et al , Khan et al ). It has been widely documented that Cr toxicity causes a decline in plant growth and yield parameters and reduces photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), water‐use efficiency (WUE) and protein and water contents in plants (Singh et al , Ali et al , Dheeba et al , Gill et al , Hussain et al ). In addition, excess Cr causes oxidative stress by enhancing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in different parts of the plant (Tang et al , Ali et al ).…”