Ferulic Acid as Feed Additives in Aquaculture: A Review on Growth, Immune Response, and Antioxidant Status of Finfish

Aquafeed’s contamination by microplastics can pose a risk to fish health and quality since they can be absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and translocate to different tissues. The liver acts as a retaining organ with the consequent triggering of oxidative stress response. The present study aimed to combine the use of natural astaxanthin with natural-based microcapsules to counteract these negative side effects. European seabass juveniles were fed diets containing commercially available fluorescent microplastic microbeads (1–5 μm; 50 mg/kg feed) alone or combined with microencapsulated astaxanthin (AX) (7 g/kg feed; tested for half or whole feeding trial—30 or 60 days, respectively). Fish from the different dietary treatments did not evidence variations in survival and growth performance and did not show pathological alterations at the intestinal level. However, the microplastics were absorbed at the intestinal level with a consequent translocation to the liver, leading, when provided solely, to sod1, sod2, and cat upregulation. Interestingly, the dietary implementation of microencapsulated AX led to a mitigation of oxidative stress. In addition, the microcapsules, due to their composition, promoted microplastic coagulation in the fish gut, limiting their absorption and accumulation in all the tissues analyzed. These results were supported by in vitro tests, which demonstrated that the microcapsules promoted microplastic coagula formation too large to be absorbed at the intestinal level and by the fact that the coagulated microplastics were released through the fish feces.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

Ferulic Acid as Feed Additives in Aquaculture: A Review on Growth, Immune Response, and Antioxidant Status of Finfish

Cited by 3 publications

References 105 publications

Growth performance, hematological and immune parameters, and mRNA levels of cytokines and antioxidant-related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed on Pediocuccus pentosaceus and/or ferulic acid

Growth performance, hematological and immune parameters, and mRNA levels of cytokines and antioxidant-related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed on Pediocuccus pentosaceus and/or ferulic acid

Natural-based solutions to mitigate dietary microplastics side effects in fish

Mitigating Dietary Microplastic Accumulation and Oxidative Stress Response in European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Juveniles Using a Natural Microencapsulated Antioxidant

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About