Festival Cities

Abstract

Festivals have always been part of city life, but their relationship with their host cities has continually changed. With the rise of industrialization, they were largely considered peripheral to the course of urban affairs. Now they have become central to new ways of thinking about the challenges of economic and social change, as well as repositioning cities within competitive global networks. In this timely and thought-provoking book, John and Margaret Gold provide a reflective and evidencebased historical survey of the processes and actors involved, charting the ways that regular festivals have now become embedded in urban life and city planning.Beginning with David Garrick's rain-drenched Shakespearean Jubilee and ending with Sydney's flamboyant Mardi Gras celebrations, it encompasses the emergence and consolidation of city festivals. After a contextual historical survey that stretches from Antiquity to the late nineteenth century, there are detailed case studies of pioneering European arts festivals in their urban context: Venice's Biennale, the Salzburg Festival, the Cannes Film Festival and Edinburgh's International Festival. Ensuing chapters deal with the worldwide proliferation of arts festivals after 1950 and with the everincreasing diversification of carnival celebrations, particularly through the actions of groups seeking to assert their identity. The conclusion draws together the book's key themes and sketches the future prospects for festival cities.Lavishly illustrated, and copiously researched, this book is essential reading not just for urban geographers, social historians and planners, but also for anyone interested in contemporary festival and events tourism, urban events strategy, urban regeneration, or simply building a fuller understanding of the relationship between culture, planning and the city.

Inhaled Medicines: Past, Present, and Future

“…Poor compliance with therapy is often thought to be a cause of uncontrolled disease in patients with asthma and COPD (GINA, 2021;GOLD, 2020). Once it was realized that several different treatments were required to treat all but the mildest patients, physicians became concerned that patients would rely on faster-acting bronchodilators (b2-AdR agonists) at the expense of the slower-onset controller medicines (ICS).…”

The Routledge Companion to Media and the City

“…Gold and Gold point out how in pre-industrial towns and cities festivals were already "essential ingredients in regulating the place and fl ow of life." 2 In the ancient world, festival events of religious nature were predominant. As history progressed toward modernity, an increasing emphasis on the interwoven aims of elite politics and popular entertainment came to characterize festival culture.…”

Staging city events in public spaces: an urban design perspective

“…The effects of festivals and events on public spaces is sometimes referred to using the term “festivalisation”, particularly when commentators are noting increases in the volume and regularity of events staged (Gold and Gold, 2020). Richards and Palmer (2010) use this term to describe attempts to turn cities into a permanent festival, highlighting one key element of festivalisation; the tendency for events to spill out of their temporal and spatial confines and affect everyday time-spaces (Bennett et al , 2014).…”

“…A brief history of city events staged in European urban public spaces The idea of using urban public spaces for events is nothing new (Gold and Gold, 2020). Indeed, the recent rise of the "eventful city" represents a revival of urban events, rather than a new departure (Richards and Palmer, 2010).…”