Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Stem‐Cellopathy?

Mahnke, Amanda H.; Salem, Nihal A.; Tseng, Alexander M.; Fincher, Annette S.; Klopfer, Andrew; Miranda, Rajesh C.

doi:10.1002/9781119283249.ch9

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…These results suggest that the asymmetric increase in Hcrt neuronal number derives specifically from an asymmetric increase in Hcrt neurogenesis, rather than a region-wide stimulation of cell proliferation that occurred throughout both sides of the AH. It may also result from an increase in differentiation of neuronal progenitor cells into Hcrt neurons, with prior evidence showing prenatal EtOH exposure to increase the density in rats of radial glia progenitor cells in the neuroepithelium 32 , and EtOH in vitro to alter the cell fate of neuronal stem and progenitor cells 50 , 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sexually dimorphic and asymmetric effects of embryonic ethanol exposure on hypocretin/orexin neurons as related to behavioral changes in zebrafish

Collier

Yasmin

Khalizova

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Neurons expressing the neuropeptide hypocretin/orexin (Hcrt) in the hypothalamus promote reward-related behaviors including alcohol consumption and are shown in rodents and zebrafish to be stimulated by embryonic exposure to ethanol (EtOH). We used here in zebrafish three-dimensional analyses of the entire population of Hcrt neurons to examine how embryonic EtOH exposure at low-moderate concentrations (0.1% or 0.5% v/v) alters these neurons in relation to behavior. We found that EtOH in the water for 2 h (22–24 h post fertilization) increases the number of Hcrt neurons on the left but not right side of the brain through a stimulation of cell proliferation, this is accompanied by a decrease in locomotor activity under novel conditions but not after habituation, and these effects are evident in both larvae and adults indicating they are long lasting. Our analyses in adults revealed sexually dimorphic effects, with females consuming more EtOH-gelatin and exhibiting more freezing behavior along with an asymmetric increase in Hcrt neurons and males exhibiting increased aggression with no change in Hcrt. These findings suggest that a long lasting, asymmetric increase in Hcrt neurons induced by EtOH results from an asymmetric increase in proliferation specific to Hcrt and contributes to behavioral changes in females.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sexually dimorphic and asymmetric effects of embryonic ethanol exposure on hypocretin/orexin neurons as related to behavioral changes in zebrafish

Collier

Yasmin

Khalizova

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…The devastating effects of fetal exposure to ethanol on brain development and function in the context of FASD conceivably reflect major consequences of alcohol on early neuronal maturation and by extension on proliferation, differentiation and survival of embryonic neural stem and progenitor cells (NSC) [8, 10]. Furthermore, ethanol can also impact on adult NSC activity in some brain areas, primarily in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus, where neurogenesis persists throughout the entire lifetime [11], or at least until early postnatal life [12].…”

Section: Effects Of Alcohol On Different Types Of Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). Accordingly, due to the profound perturbation of alcohol on stem-cell biology in the developing fetus, Mahnke et al have provocatively proposed to classify FASD as a “stem cellopathy” [8]. However, the exact mechanisms causing ethanol deleterious effects remain to be completely investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cells under the influence of alcohol: effects of ethanol consumption on stem/progenitor cells

Rocco

Baldari

Pani³

et al. 2018

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Stem cells drive embryonic and fetal development. In several adult tissues, they retain the ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of specialized cells, thus contributing to tissue homeostasis and repair throughout life span. Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk for several diseases and conditions. Growing and developing tissues are particularly vulnerable to alcohol’s influence, suggesting that stem- and progenitor-cell function could be affected. Accordingly, recent studies have revealed the possible relevance of alcohol exposure in impairing stem-cell properties, consequently affecting organ development and injury response in different tissues. Here, we review the main studies describing the effects of alcohol on different types of progenitor/stem cells including neuronal, hepatic, intestinal and adventitial progenitor cells, bone-marrow-derived stromal cell, dental pulp, embryonic and hematopoietic stem cells, and tumor-initiating cells. A better understanding of the nature of the cellular damage induced by chronic and episodic heavy (binge) drinking is critical for the improvement of current therapeutic strategies designed to treat patients suffering from alcohol-related disorders.

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Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Stem‐Cellopathy?

Cited by 2 publications

References 183 publications

Sexually dimorphic and asymmetric effects of embryonic ethanol exposure on hypocretin/orexin neurons as related to behavioral changes in zebrafish

Sexually dimorphic and asymmetric effects of embryonic ethanol exposure on hypocretin/orexin neurons as related to behavioral changes in zebrafish

Stem cells under the influence of alcohol: effects of ethanol consumption on stem/progenitor cells

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