Fetal interrupted aortic arch: 2D‐4D echocardiography, associations and outcome

Abstract

Objectives To analyze fetal two-dimensional (2D) echocardiographic characteristics of interrupted aortic arch (IAA) and its different types

Fetal and Neonatal Diagnosis of Interrupted Aortic Arch: Associations and Outcomes

“…Vogel et al [19] further reported on the diagnostic value of a low aortopulmonary diameter ratio in the absence of a ventricular size discrepancy in the diagnosis of IAA in their cohort, which also occurred in our study group and helped to facilitate the prenatal diagnosis of IAA ( table 1 ). Volpe et al [18] and Vogel et al [19] also describe a pronounced discrepancy in diameter of the great vessels, which also occurred in our study population.…”

“…1 ). Volpe et al [18] found a discrepancy between left and right ventricles in some of their cases with IAA but this was probably due to a restrictive VSD or an associated mitral valve anomaly. The diagnosis of VSD is facilitated using color Doppler echocardiography.…”

“…The increasing in utero detection of IAA may be related to several factors; the advent of high-frequency transducers, improvements in imaging processing, introduction of fetal echocardiography into the prenatal ultrasound examination and increasing awareness of sonographers. Volpe et al [18] incorporated 4-DE with 2-DE and color Doppler and spatiotemporal image correlation technology in fetuses with a diagnosis of IAA. They report that the use of 4-DE supplied some additional information, especially in identifying subtypes of IAA and providing a detailed visualization of the origin and course of the head and neck vessels.…”

“…Although variable discrepancy in ventricular or great artery size may be seen, the diagnosis is confirmed by transverse and longitudinal views of the upper mediastinum, including the 3-vessel view demonstrating the pathology at the level of the aortic arch. Two recent studies have evaluated the fetal diagnosis of IAA, assessing the potential diagnostic value of 4-DE and the finding of a low aortopulmonary diameter ratio as an indicaton of IAA [18,19] .…”

Efficacy of fetal echocardiography in prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases

“…15 We aimed to do Obstetrician study for antenatal fetal cardiac examination as most of the studies that have been done in the field of antenatal detection of fetal congenital heart defects are about the echocardiography which is done by the pediatric cardiologist for the high risk fetuses as the systemic review and meta-analysis of Yifie et al 16 which studied 82 studies of cardiologists for antenatal fetal echocardiogram, while few number of studies were done for the obstetrician antenatal fetal cardiac screening like the study of Luciane et al 17 in Brazil. Also almost all of these studies were done on risky fetuses only.…”