Fetal Risk Associated With Rubella Vaccination During Pregnancy

Badilla, Xiomara; Morice, Ana; Ávila-Agüero, María Luisa; Sáenz, Elizabeth; Cerda, Ilse; Reef, Susan E.; Castillo‐Solórzano, Carlos

doi:10.1097/inf.0b013e318124a9f4

Cited by 68 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The incidence of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) following inadvertent rubella vaccination of pregnant women has been evaluated in several countries in Europe, the United States, Canada, Iran and Latin America. Among more than 3500 susceptible women inadvertently vaccinated against rubella shortly before or in the first trimester of pregnancy, no cases of CRS were reported [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45].…”

Section: Preamblementioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital anomalies: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data

DeSilva

Muñoz

McMillan

et al. 2016

Vaccine

103

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Section: Preamblementioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital anomalies: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data

DeSilva

Muñoz

McMillan

et al. 2016

Vaccine

103

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“…Although the current vaccines use live attenuated virus formulations for measles and rubella vaccines, the vaccine viruses do not circulate or cause secondary infections, and consequently they only provide protection to the individual vaccine recipients with no further circulation. We assume no impacts of maternal receipt of vaccine during pregnancy on the pregnancy outcome or fetus based on the existing evidence …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Transmission of Measles and Rubella to Support Global Management Policy Analyses and Eradication Investment Cases

Thompson

Badizadegan²

2017

Risk Analysis

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Policy makers responsible for managing measles and rubella immunization programs currently use a wide range of different vaccines formulations and immunization schedules. With endemic measles and rubella transmission interrupted in the region of the Americas, all five other regions of the World Health Organization (WHO) targeting the elimination of measles transmission by 2020, and increasing adoption of rubella vaccine globally, integrated dynamic disease, risk, decision, and economic models can help national, regional, and global health leaders manage measles and rubella population immunity. Despite hundreds of publications describing models for measles or rubella and decades of use of vaccines that contain both antigens (e.g., measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine or MMR), no transmission models for measles and rubella exist to support global policy analyses. We describe the development of a dynamic disease model for measles and rubella transmission, which we apply to 180 WHO member states and three other areas (Puerto Rico, Hong Kong, and Macao) representing >99.5% of the global population in 2013. The model accounts for seasonality, age-heterogeneous mixing, and the potential existence of preferentially mixing undervaccinated subpopulations, which create heterogeneity in immunization coverage that impacts transmission. Using our transmission model with the best available information about routine, supplemental, and outbreak response immunization, we characterize the complex transmission dynamics for measles and rubella historically to compare the results with available incidence and serological data. We show the results from several countries that represent diverse epidemiological situations to demonstrate the performance of the model. The model suggests relatively high measles and rubella control costs of approximately $3 billion annually for vaccination based on 2013 estimates, but still leads to approximately 17 million disability-adjusted life years lost with associated costs for treatment, home care, and productivity loss costs of approximately $4, $3, and $47 billion annually, respectively. Combined with vaccination and other financial cost estimates, our estimates imply that the eradication of measles and rubella could save at least $10 billion per year, even without considering the benefits of preventing lost productivity and potential savings from reductions in vaccination. The model should provide a useful tool for exploring the health and economic outcomes of prospective opportunities to manage measles and rubella. Improving the quality of data available to support decision making and modeling should represent a priority as countries work toward measles and rubella goals.

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“…In a number of studies, data were analyzed covering more than 4,000 women who had been vaccinated from 3 months prior to conception and up to pregnancy. Data were collected from women in Germany, Sweden, England, Latin America, Iran and North America, some of them were already seropositive (Soares 2011, Nasiri 2009, Namaei 2008, Badilla 2007, Hamkar 2006, Enders 2005, Bar-Oz 2004. There were no cases of CRS after inadvertent exposure to rubella vaccine shortly before or during pregnancy, nor was there an association with other adverse effects.…”

Section: Rubella Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No signs of CRS were found in the neonates, or IgM in the cord blood (Nasiri 2009, Namaei 2008). An investigation from Costa Rica (Badilla 2007) examined about 1,000 women who had been vaccinated during pregnancy or 1 month before. They did not find anomalies in regard to malformations, miscarriages, birth weight, and prematurity when comparing seronegative and seropositive mothers.…”

Section: Rubella Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines and immunoglobulins

Cuppers¹,

Schaefer²

2015

Drugs During Pregnancy and Lactation

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Fetal Risk Associated With Rubella Vaccination During Pregnancy

Abstract: No adverse pregnancy outcome such as miscarriages or CRS was documented in women who were vaccinated and unknowingly pregnant. These results support RA27/3 rubella vaccine safety.

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

Congenital anomalies: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data

Congenital anomalies: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data

Modeling the Transmission of Measles and Rubella to Support Global Management Policy Analyses and Eradication Investment Cases

Vaccines and immunoglobulins

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