Fiber Digestion in Mammals

Caroline, J. Christina; Gross, Martin; Spillman, Diana-Marie

doi:10.3923/pjbs.2003.1564.1573

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Meanwhile, the genera Enterobacter , Pseudomonas and Klebsiella , isolated in this study, were previously found in the rectum of other fruit bats, such as Cynopterus bracyhotis ( Daniel et al 2013 ). Most gut microbiota in mammals play a role in breaking down carbohydrates into short fatty acid chains (acetate, propionate and butyrate) which provide energy and nutrients for the organisms ( Caroline et al 2003 , Macfarlane and Macfarlane 2003 , Samuel et al 2008 ). For example, Enterobacter breaks down most sugars including xylose, which is one of the most abundant components in plants ( Rastall 2004 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on metabarcoding analysis of gut microbiome in Island Flying Fox (Pteropus hypomelanus) in island populations of Malaysia

Mohd-Yusof¹,

Abdul-Latiff²,

Mohd-Ridwan³

et al. 2022

BDJ

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Flying fox (Pteropus hypomelanus) belongs to the frugivorous bats, which play a crucial role in maintaining proper functioning of an ecosystem and conservation of the environment. Bats are well-known carriers of pathogenic viruses, such as BatCov RaTG13 from the coronavirus family that share 90.55% with SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen causing recent global pandemic coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). However, bats’ possible role as a carrier of pathogenic bacteria is less explored. Here, using metabarcoding analysis through high-throughput sequencing, we explored the gut microbiome composition of different island populations on the east and west coasts of Peninsula Malaysia. The 16S rRNA gene in samples from Redang Island, Langkawi Island, Pangkor Island and Tinggi Island was amplified. Bacterial community composition and structure were analysed with α and β diversity metrics. A total of 25,658 operational taxonomic units at 97% similarity were assigned to eight phyla, 44 families, 61 genera and 94 species of microbes. The Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in all populations. Meanwhile, the genera Enterobacter, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella, isolated in this study, were previously found in the rectum of other fruit bats. Our analyses suggest that Redang Island and Langkawi Island have high bacteria diversity. Thus, we found geographic locality is a strong predictor of microbial community composition and observed a positive correlation between ecological features and bacterial richness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on metabarcoding analysis of gut microbiome in Island Flying Fox (Pteropus hypomelanus) in island populations of Malaysia

Mohd-Yusof¹,

Abdul-Latiff²,

Mohd-Ridwan³

et al. 2022

BDJ

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“…Sugarcane has the highest crude fiber content (23.5% of DM, Mui et al, 2000) while young coconut has the least (0.61%, Wynn, 2017). Rats, being monogastric animals, cannot digest fiber, and the fiber content of more than 5% is detrimental to its digestion and often avoided (Caroline et al, 2003). Adam et al (2014) Hauze et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Food Preferencementioning

confidence: 99%

FOOD PREFERENCE AND THE EFFECT OF PREDATOR CUES ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF HOUSE RAT (Rattus tanezumi)

Wong

Alek

2020

MABJ

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The House Rat (Rattus tanezumi) is a major pest in the agriculture and food industry, a carrier of zoonotic diseases, and a source of nuisance to society. Poisoning is not an ecologically desirable method to control the rat population due to its effect on non-target animals. This article reported on the use of predator cues to control the rat’s foraging behavior. Food preference for sugarcane, corn, oil palm fruit, and young coconut flesh was determined first using a modified “cafeteria method” with a central cage connected to four feeding stations by PVC tubes. Then the effect of predator cues (3-D model and call of an owl, a combination of model and call and no predator cue as control) on foraging behavior was tested by manipulating these cues near the feeding station. Giving up density (GUD), which is the amount of food remaining at the feeding stations, was measured in both experimental phases. Treatment means were analyzed using ANOVA and compared using the Tukey test. The finding showed that House Rats preferred young coconut flesh over other test foods. All predator cues increased GUD significantly (p<0.01) but the 3-D model was the most effective. This study suggests a potential use of predator cues to control rat pest.

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“…Esse mecanismo fisiológico permite uma nova assimilação de nutrientes, especialmente aminoácidos, bem como o aporte extra de proteínas e vitaminas (Pinheiro et al, 2001). O comportamento de cecotrofagia é específico de lagomorfos, pequenos roedores, capivaras e alguns outros mamíferos (Caroline et al, 2003), sendo observado em herbívoros como decorrência da adaptação do processo digestivo às difíceis condições ambientais, particularmente alimentares, o que permite a reciclagem de parte do alimento não digerido, possibilitando sua melhor utilização. Algumas cutias demonstraram aproximação e deglutição de fezes, durante o período de alimentação.…”

Section: F Cecotrofiaunclassified

Descripción de las categorías de comportamiento de Dasyprocta prymnolopha en cautiverio

Rêgo

Carvalho²,

Salles

et al. 2019

Pubvet

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Entre as espécies mais predadas, a cutia tem sido notada por ter sofrido uma redução significativa de suas populações, levando-as a serem freqüentemente mantidas em cativeiro. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as categorias comportamentais da cutia em cativeiro, visando contribuir para o estudo de hipóteses sobre a biologia e o manejo desse roedor, bem como analisar a influência dos comportamentos com a sobrevivência e a reprodução das espécies cativas. A pesquisa foi realizada no Núcleo de Estudos e Preservação de Animais Silvestres (NEPAS) da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Foram observadas durante 1860 horas dois grupos de Dasyprocta prymnolopha, sendo o primeiro composto por dois machos, cinco fêmeas e quatro filhotes; e o segundo, por dois machos, sete fêmeas e um filhote, totalizando 21 animais pertencentes a grupos já formados e mantidos em cativeiro no NEPAS. O comportamento dos animais foi registrado manualmente (usando uma prancheta, lápis e cadernos) e, eventualmente, utilizou binóculos para observação detalhada de comportamentos isolados. Encontramos 14 categorias comportamentais, sendo capazes de identificar oito comportamentos distintos: comportamento alimentar; descansar; exploração; cuidados com o corpo; coleta e transporte de material; comportamentos agonísticos; comportamentos reprodutivos e marcação do território. Concluiu-se que as análises comportamentais apresentadas podem trazer contribuições práticas para a adequação das instalações dos animais, bem como a melhoria da gestão, melhorando o bem-estar das cutias em regime cativo.

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Fiber Digestion in Mammals

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

First report on metabarcoding analysis of gut microbiome in Island Flying Fox (Pteropus hypomelanus) in island populations of Malaysia

First report on metabarcoding analysis of gut microbiome in Island Flying Fox (Pteropus hypomelanus) in island populations of Malaysia

FOOD PREFERENCE AND THE EFFECT OF PREDATOR CUES ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF HOUSE RAT (Rattus tanezumi)

Descripción de las categorías de comportamiento de Dasyprocta prymnolopha en cautiverio

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