Fiber Nonlinearities and Their Impact on Transmission Systems

Forghieri, F.; Tkach, R.W.; Chraplyvy, A. R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-051316-4.50012-6

Cited by 129 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…It occurs due to slight modulation of the refractive index through molecular vibration of material [2,15]. A photon with energyhω P traveling through a material can excite a vibrational transition of the material forming optical phonon with energyhω V and a photon with slightly reduced energyhω S (Figure 6) such that:…”

Section: Basic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The A eff is the effective core area of the fiber. The threshold power can be calculated from Equation (14) and Equation (15). It can be approximated as [11] …”

Section: Threshold Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many schemes can be applied for reduction of power penalty in SRS process [14,15], such as, 1. Presence of dispersion reduces the SRS penalty.…”

Section: Reduction In Srs Penaltymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nonlinear Scattering Effects in Optical Fibers

Singh¹,

Gangwar²,

Singh³

2007

PIER

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Section: Basic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The A eff is the effective core area of the fiber. The threshold power can be calculated from Equation (14) and Equation (15). It can be approximated as [11] …”

Section: Threshold Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear Scattering Effects in Optical Fibers

Singh¹,

Gangwar²,

Singh³

2007

PIER

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“…In conventional transmission lines operated at high bit rates, for both RZ and NRZ formats transmission is limited by the accumulation of nonlinear impairments along the line [87,[106][107][108]. In long-haul transmission systems RZ turns out to be superior compared to RZ [109], in virtue of a higher robustness to nonlinear signal distortion.…”

Section: Data Transmission With Periodic In-line All-optical Format Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear loop mirror-based all-optical signal processing in fiber-optic communications

Boscolo

Turitsyn

Blow

2008

Optical Fiber Technology

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All-optical data processing is expected to play a major role in future optical communications. The fiber nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) is a valuable tool in optical signal processing applications. This paper presents an overview of our recent advances in developing NOLM-based all-optical processing techniques for application in fiber-optic communications. The use of in-line NOLMs as a general technique for all-optical passive 2R (reamplification, reshaping) regeneration of return-to-zero (RZ) on-off keyed signals in both high-speed, ultralong-distance transmission systems and terrestrial photonic networks is reviewed. In this context, a theoretical model enabling the description of the stable propagation of carrier pulses with periodic all-optical self-regeneration in fiber systems with in-line deployment of nonlinear optical devices is presented. A novel, simple pulse processing scheme using nonlinear broadening in normal dispersion fiber and loop mirror intensity filtering is described, and its employment is demonstrated as an optical decision element at a RZ receiver as well as an in-line device to realize a transmission technique of periodic all-optical RZ-non-return-to-zero-like format conversion. The important issue of phase-preserving regeneration of phase-encoded signals is also addressed by presenting a new design of NOLM based on distributed Raman amplification in the loop fiber.

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“…In conventional transmission lines, return-to-zero (RZ) and non-return-to-zero (NRZ) are the two modulation formats most often used. At high bit-rates, for both modulation formats transmission is limited by the accumulation of nonlinear impairments along the line [1,2,3,4]. Recent studies [5,6] have shown that in long-haul transmission systems RZ turns out to be superior compared to NRZ [5], in virtue of a higher robustness to nonlinear signal distortion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%