Fiber Type-Specific Morphological and Cellular Changes of Paraspinal Muscles in Patients with Severe Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Shao, Xiexiang; Chen, Jian; Yang, Jing; Sui, Wenyuan; Deng, Yong; Huang, Zifang; Hu, Ping; Yang, Junlin

doi:10.12659/msm.924415

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Twenty‐nine studies assessed skeletal muscle growth in whole muscle cross section in response to leg immobilization, 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 bed rest, 19 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 step reduction, 47 , 48 space flight, 20 and patients suffering from cerebral palsy, 49 , 50 , 51 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 anterior ligament reconstruction, 56 , 57 , 58 , fully sedating ICU patients 59 hip fracture, 60 multiple sclerosis, 61 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, 62 spinal cord injury, 63 and Type1 diabetes. 64 The details of the included studies are shown in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of 19 studies involving 460 participants 19 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 50 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 59 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 65 found there was lower skeletal muscle CSA following the aforementioned (‘Skeletal muscle responses to atrophy’ section) interventions (mixed: MD = −497.24, 95% CI −734.13 to −260.35, P = 0.0001; Type I: MD = −743.63, 95% CI −1059.28 to −427.98, P = 0.00001; Type II: MD = −908.11, 95% CI −1268.67 to −547.54, P = 0.00001; Figure S3 A– S3 C ). Subgroup analysis showed no statistically significant difference between young and old adults for CSA of mixed, Type I, and Type II fibres in response to atrophy ( P = 0.52, P = 0.93, and P = 0.60, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myonuclear permanence in skeletal muscle memory: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of human and animal studies

Rahmati

McCarthy

Malakoutinia

2022

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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One aspect of skeletal muscle memory is the ability of a previously trained muscle to hypertrophy more rapidly following a period of detraining. Although the molecular basis of muscle memory remains to be fully elucidated, one potential mechanism thought to mediate muscle memory is the permanent retention of myonuclei acquired during the initial phase of hypertrophic growth. However, myonuclear permanence is debated and would benefit from a meta-analysis to clarify the current state of the field for this important aspect of skeletal muscle plasticity. The objective of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to assess the permanence of myonuclei associated with changes in physical activity and ageing. When available, the abundance of satellite cells (SCs) was also considered given their potential influence on changes in myonuclear abundance. One hundred forty-seven peer-reviewed articles were identified for inclusion across five separate meta-analyses; (1-2) human and rodent studies assessed muscle response to hypertrophy; (3-4) human and rodent studies assessed muscle response to atrophy; and (5) human studies assessed muscle response with ageing. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy was associated with higher myonuclear content that was retained in rodents, but not humans, with atrophy (SMD = À0.60, 95% CI À1.71 to 0.51, P = 0.29, and MD = 83.46, 95% CI À649.41 to 816.32, P = 0.82; respectively). Myonuclear and SC content were both lower following atrophy in humans (MD = À11, 95% CI À0.19 to À0.03, P = 0.005, and SMD = À0.49, 95% CI À0.77 to À0.22, P = 0.0005; respectively), although the response in rodents was affected by the type of muscle under consideration and the mode of atrophy. Whereas rodent myonuclei were found to be more permanent regardless of the mode of atrophy, atrophy of ≥30% was associated with a reduction in myonuclear content (SMD = À1.02, 95% CI À1.53 to À0.51, P = 0.0001). In humans, sarcopenia was accompanied by a lower myonuclear and SC content (MD = 0.47, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.85, P = 0.02, and SMD = 0.78, 95% CI 0.37-1.19, P = 0.0002; respectively). The major finding from the present meta-analysis is that myonuclei are not permanent but are lost during periods of atrophy and with ageing. These findings do not support the concept of skeletal muscle memory based on the permanence of myonuclei and suggest other mechanisms, such as epigenetics, may have a more important role in mediating this aspect of skeletal muscle plasticity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myonuclear permanence in skeletal muscle memory: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of human and animal studies

Rahmati

McCarthy

Malakoutinia

2022

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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“…In addition, with the development and progression of scoliosis, concave and convex sides emerge. On the one hand, observed differences in fiber types and degrees of fibrosis and fatty involution between the PVM of the concave side and the convex side suggest that the imbalance of the concave and convex sides may lead to the development of IS (Lleras-Forero et al , 2020; Luo et al , 2022; Shao et al , 2020). However, on the other hand, other scholars reported no significant differences between the concave and convex sides, and the onset of IS was considered to be related more to changes in muscle structure and function rather than differences resulting from the occurrence of IS (Li et al ., 2019a; Ng et al , 2022; Yeung et al , 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Paravertebral muscle myostatin upregulation in the development of idiopathic scoliosis

Zhang

Xiang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Paravertebral muscle (PVM) abnormalities play important roles in the pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis (IS), and elevated oxidative stress could result in PVM injury in IS patients, but the underlying mechanism of oxidative stress generation is still unclear. Increased apoptosis, impaired myogenesis and elevated oxidative stress were found in primary skeletal muscle mesenchymal progenitor cells (hSM-MPCs), which are essential for the myogenesis process of vertebrate skeletal muscles, of IS patients. Through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and further analysis, we identified significantly upregulated myostatin (MSTN) in IS hSM-MPCs. Overexpression of MSTN in hSM-MPCs from control patients increased the expression of NADPH oxidase 4, promoted reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis, and suppressed myogenesis. However, MSTN knockdown decreased the expression of NADPH oxidase 4, inhibited reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis, and enhanced myogenesis in hSM-MPCs from IS patients. In addition, overexpression of MSTN in the PVMs of mice induced elevated oxidative stress and scoliosis without abnormal vertebral structure. Altogether, our study suggested that abnormal PVM changes and accumulated oxidative stress in IS patients may result from upregulation of MSTN.

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“…Interestingly, AIS patients were reported to have asymmetric expression of LBX1 between the bilateral paraspinal muscles (Xu et al, 2020). Besides, remarkably asymmetric proportion of type I/II fibers between the bilateral sides of paraspinal muscles was also reported in AIS patients (Ford et al, 1984;Wajchenberg et al, 2015;Shao et al, 2020). However, these observations may represent secondary changes after onset of scoliosis, instead of the primary etiology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Functional SNP in the Promoter of LBX1 Is Associated With the Development of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Through Involvement in the Myogenesis of Paraspinal Muscles

Feng

Dai

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Previous studies have shown that LBX1 is associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) in multiple populations. For the first time, rs1322330 located in the putative promoter region of LBX1 was found significantly associated with AIS in the Chinese population [p = 6.08 × 10–14, odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval of 1.03–1.55]. Moreover, the luciferase assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay supported that the allele A of rs1322330 could down-regulate the expression of LBX1 in the paraspinal muscles of AIS. In addition, silencing LBX1 in the myosatellite cells resulted in significantly inhibited cell viability and myotube formation, which supported an essential role of LBX1 in muscle development of AIS. To summarize, rs1322330 may be a novel functional SNP regulating the expression of LBX1, which was involved in the etiology of AIS possibly via regulation of myogenesis in the paraspinal muscles.

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Fiber Type-Specific Morphological and Cellular Changes of Paraspinal Muscles in Patients with Severe Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Myonuclear permanence in skeletal muscle memory: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of human and animal studies

Myonuclear permanence in skeletal muscle memory: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of human and animal studies

Role of Paravertebral muscle myostatin upregulation in the development of idiopathic scoliosis

A Functional SNP in the Promoter of LBX1 Is Associated With the Development of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Through Involvement in the Myogenesis of Paraspinal Muscles

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