Fibrochondrogenesis of hESCs: Growth Factor Combinations and Cocultures

Hoben, Gwendolyn M.; Willard, Vincent P.; Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.

doi:10.1089/scd.2008.0024

Cited by 80 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The work of Gimble, Guilak, Hedrick and colleagues has illustrated the potential of progenitor cells from adipose and other tissues (Erickson et al, 2002;Zuk et al, 2001). Even more recently, the use of embryonic stem cell (ES)-derived and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived progenitors has expanded the cellular palette from which to construct cartilaginous tissues (Hoben et al, 2009;Wei et al, 2012;Diekman et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue engineering for articular cartilage repair – the state of the art

Johnstone

Alini

Cucchiarini

et al. 2013

eCM

315

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Adult articular cartilage exhibits little capacity for intrinsic repair, and thus even minor injuries or lesions may lead to progressive damage and osteoarthritic joint degeneration, resulting in significant pain and disability. While there have been numerous attempts to develop tissue-engineered grafts or patches to repair focal chondral and osteochondral defects, there remain significant challenges in the clinical application of cell-based therapies for cartilage repair. This paper reviews the current state of cartilage tissue engineering with respect to different cell sources and their potential genetic modification, biomaterial scaffolds and growth factors, as well as preclinical testing in various animal models. This is not intended as a systematic review, rather an opinion of where the field is moving in light of current literature. While significant advances have been made in recent years, the complexity of this problem suggests that a multidisciplinary approach -combining a clinical perspective with expertise in cell biology, biomechanics, biomaterials science and high-throughput analysis will likely be necessary to address the challenge of developing functional cartilage replacements. With this approach we are more likely to realise the clinical goal of treating both focal defects and even large-scale osteoarthritic degenerative changes in the joint.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue engineering for articular cartilage repair – the state of the art

Johnstone

Alini

Cucchiarini

et al. 2013

eCM

315

250

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“…These results showed that oxygen availability had dramatic effects on the differentiation and synthetic potentials of hESCs and could have important implications for the development of strategies to engineer both fibrous and articular cartilages. The combination of TGF-b3 and BMP-4 increased GAG and collagen content as well as increased the abundance of the cell surface marker CD44 [91]. Another study showed that TGF-b application increased GAG deposition and cartilage matrix protein expression [92].…”

Section: Hescs Can Be Used For Cartilage Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 97%

Harnessing Biomechanics to Develop Cartilage Regeneration Strategies

Athanasiou

Responte²,

Brown

et al. 2015

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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laboratory over the past 25 years. The prevalence and severity of degeneration of articular cartilage, a tissue whose main function is largely biomechanical, have motivated the development of cartilage tissue engineering approaches informed by biomechanics. This article provides a review of important steps toward regeneration of articular cartilage with suitable biomechanical properties. As a first step, biomechanical and biochemical characterization studies at the tissue level were used to provide design criteria for engineering neotissues. Extending this work to the single cell and subcellular levels has helped to develop biochemical and mechanical stimuli for tissue engineering studies. This strong mechanobiological foundation guided studies on regenerating hyaline articular cartilage, the knee meniscus, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fibrocartilage. Initial tissue engineering efforts centered on developing biodegradable scaffolds for cartilage regeneration. After many years of studying scaffold-based cartilage engineering, scaffoldless approaches were developed to address deficiencies of scaffold-based systems, resulting in the self-assembling process. This process was further improved by employing exogenous stimuli, such as hydrostatic pressure, growth factors, and matrix-modifying and catabolic agents, both singly and in synergistic combination to enhance neocartilage functional properties. Due to the high cell needs for tissue engineering and the limited supply of native articular chondrocytes, costochondral cells are emerging as a suitable cell source. Looking forward, additional cell sources are investigated to render these technologies more translatable. For example, dermis isolated adult stem (DIAS) cells show potential as a source of chondrogenic cells. The challenging problem of enhanced integration of engineered cartilage with native cartilage is approached with both familiar and novel methods, such as lysyl oxidase (LOX). These diverse tissue engineering strategies all aim to build upon thorough biomechanical characterizations to produce functional neotissue that ultimately will help combat the pressing problem of cartilage degeneration. As our prior research is reviewed, we look to establish new pathways to comprehensively and effectively address the complex problems of musculoskeletal cartilage regeneration.

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“…One of the factors secreted by mature chondrocytes is parathyroid-related hormone that plays an important role in chondrogenesis and the prevention of hypertrophy [82]. Fibrocartilaginous differentiation has also been shown using hESCs separated from a fibrocartilage-derived chondrocyte cell layer via nylon cell strainers; here indirect co-culture was combined with growth factor supplementation (BMP-4, TGF-β3), which improved differentiation significantly [83]. Direct co-culture in the form of high-density pellet culture of hESCs with mature chondrocytes was also shown to enhance differentiation along chondrogenic lines [84].…”

Section: Chondrogenesis In Ebsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmentation of Musculoskeletal Regeneration: Role for Pluripotent Stem Cells

2018

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The rise in the incidence of musculoskeletal diseases is attributed to an increasing ageing population. The debilitating effects of musculoskeletal diseases, coupled with a lack of effective therapies, contribute to huge financial strains on healthcare systems. The focus of regenerative medicine has shifted to pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), namely, human embryonic stem cells and human-induced PSCs, due to the limited success of adult stem cell-based interventions. PSCs constitute a valuable cell source for musculoskeletal regeneration due to their capacity for unlimited self-renewal, ability to differentiate into all cell lineages of the three germ layers and perceived immunoprivileged characteristics. This review summarizes methods for chondrogenic, osteogenic, myogenic and adipogenic differentiation of PSCs and their potential for therapeutic applications.

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Fibrochondrogenesis of hESCs: Growth Factor Combinations and Cocultures

Cited by 80 publications

References 53 publications

Tissue engineering for articular cartilage repair – the state of the art

Tissue engineering for articular cartilage repair – the state of the art

Harnessing Biomechanics to Develop Cartilage Regeneration Strategies

Augmentation of Musculoskeletal Regeneration: Role for Pluripotent Stem Cells

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