Field Application of Trichoderma Suspension to Control Cacao Pod Rot (Phytophthora palmivora)

Abstract

Cacao pod rot caused by Phytophthora palmivora, is an important disease and contributes significant disease losses to global cocoa production. This research objective was to determine the effect of Trichoderma harzianum and T. virens suspensions to cacao pod rot disease on the field. This research was carried out in Pulo Hagu village, Pidie Regency, Aceh, Indonesia from March to July 2017. The single pattern randomized block design was adopted to evaluate three treatments, i.e. without suspension (control), suspensions of T. Harzianum, and T. virens for eight replications. Each replication consisted of three of experimental units. The result showed that both of Trichoderma species contained only Alkaloid metabolite based on Phytochemical test. On the field, the application of T. harzianum suspension reduced the percentage of fruit infection and disease intensity for 48.57 %, 46.04 % at 12 weeks after application (WAA) respectively. Based on the percentage reduction in the area of the spot between the metabolites T. harzianum suspension and control and T. virens and control are 47.24 % and 27.46 % at 87 WAA respectively. In addition, T. virens suppressed the percentage of infected fruit and the intensity of infected fruit for 40.61 % and 38.02 % at 12 WAA.

The Effect of Biofertilizer from Waste Bioconversion on The Growth of Cocoa Seedlings

“…also reported to include microbes that can solubilize P [30] and K [31]. These microbes can also produce phytohormones [32,33], and control pathogens [34,35,36]. The research conducted by Pakpahan et al [19] used biofertilizer from bioconverison by BSF larvae which contained a high number of microbes such as Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Trichoderma harzianum, and Streptomyces sp.…”

Biocontrol of Phytophthora xcambivora on Castanea sativa: Selection of Local Trichoderma spp. Isolates for the Management of Ink Disease

“…For the first time, the effectiveness of T. longipile SG1 and T. hamatum SG20 diffusible SMs in the inhibition of P. xcambivora in vitro was documented here, showing a strong (SG1) or total (SG20) inhibition of mycelium growth of the pathogen (Table 3). In recent studies, the crude extract from T. harzianum, T. viride, T. reesei, T. asperellum and T. asperelloides is reported to inhibit the development of P. palmivora lesions on palm oil [77][78][79], and a treatment with T. atroviride and T. petersenii extract inhibited Phytophthora growth, inducing defense-related genes [80].…”

Integrated Management of Verticillium Wilt of Cacao

“…Trichoderma has potential benefit in control strategies for other cacao diseases such as cacao black pod disease (Deberdt et al, 2008;Mpika et al, 2009;Hanada et al, 2010;Mbarga et al, 2014;Sriwati et al, 2019;Harni et al, 2020;Mbarga et al, 2020), frosty pod rot (Bailey et al, 2008;Mejıá et al, 2008;Leiva et al, 2020); and witches' broom (De Marco and Felix, 2002;De Souza et al, 2008;Loguercio et al, 2009).…”