Field-induced light deflection in lithium niobate and lithium tantalate: the possible configurations

Large-angle scattering of light by ferroelectric domains

“…Numerous applications of ferroelectrics are coupled to their optical properties. Electro‐optic modulation of light as well as nonlinear optical properties can be widely controlled introducing ferroelectric domains of various shape and size . When an external electric field is applied to a ferroelectric material, the switching of its polar state proceeds via near‐electrode nucleation, frontal growth, and lateral expansion of numerous domains of different shape .…”