Field Measurement of PV Array Temperature for Tracking and Concentrating 1 k <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>W</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>p</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Generators Installed in Malaysia

Ya’acob, Mohammad Effendy; Hizam, Hashim; Radzi, Mohd Amran Mohd; Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab

doi:10.1155/2013/502503

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Module temperature should be collected at the center of the back surface of the PV module and in the center of the array field (location on module given in IEC 61829 method A) [66]. Nevertheless, where to measure the temperature of a PV is still debated by researchers [67]. In the proposed system, a low-cost solution based on analog sensors, such as probe LM35, is used with this aim.…”

Section: Hardware Solution: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment

Paredes-Parra¹,

Mateo-Aroca

Silvente-Niñirola

et al. 2018

Energies

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The integration of renewables into power systems has led to multiple studies and analysis in terms of grid-power quality, reliability, and/or feasibility. Among different resources to be considered as alternative energy systems, wind and solar emerge as the most mature technologies. With regard to photovoltaic (PV) installations, monitoring problems requires detailed analysis, since solar-radiation fluctuations, soiling on solar panels, or deficiency of PV-panel performance can involve unexpected power-output oscillations and, subsequently, undesirable power-generation oscillations. Under this framework, this paper describes and assesses a wireless low-cost PV-module monitoring system based on open-source solutions. Our proposal allows us to monitor installations at the PV-module level, giving detailed information regarding PV power-plant performance. The proposed monitoring system is based on the IEC-61724 standard requirements, as a flexible and ad hoc solution with relevant connectivity options. Meteorological and electrical data are collected from the developed nodes and available for subsequent analysis. Detailed information of the solution, as well as extensive results collected in Spanish PV power plants connected to the grid, are also included in the paper. Energies 2018, 11, 3051 2 of 20Best et al. [5] affirms that solar and wind resources are on the upper rungs of the energy ladder, their integration being predominant in higher-income countries. Recent contributions, focused on future electricity systems, also assume that renewable assets can be considered a mix between wind-and solar-power generation [6]. In [7], and apart from wind and PV solar deployment, a slight increase has been estimated during the past few years for other renewable energy sources for electricity. In addition, Ellabban et al. [8] establishes a direct connection between technological maturity and economic barriers, mainly when the cost of a technology is above the cost of other competing alternatives. Therefore, wind and PV solar resources are currently the most integrated renewable energy sources into power systems, excluding hydropower-generation units. Nevertheless, there are no large-area power systems in the world where wind and solar power generate more than 50% of electricity [9].The integration of wind and PV power plants into power systems involves certain technical problems, mainly focused on reliability, power quality, and stability [10]. The intermittent nature of such sources may increase grid stress, mainly due to undesirable oscillations on the supply side [11] that may affect voltage regulation of transmission systems [12]. At a low/medium-voltage level, different reactive power control strategies have also been proposed to facilitate renewables integration [13], including active power curtailment [14]. As an additional solution to guarantee a balance between generation and demand, with reduced capacity and costs of operating reserves [15], short-term forecasting of PV production emerges as a relevant topic of inte...

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Section: Hardware Solution: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment

Paredes-Parra¹,

Mateo-Aroca

Silvente-Niñirola

et al. 2018

Energies

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“…The output electrical parameters are normally measured at a temperature of 25 • C under STC [34][35][36][37]. Fluctuations of ambient temperature result in a change in SPV cell temperature that significantly affects the output of the SPV generator [38,39]. The DS18B20 sensor at the rear of the SPV module is installed to monitor the SPV module temperature (T m ) continuously and is decoupled from the atmosphere using Kapton tape.…”

Section: Spv Module Temperature Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitive Load-Based Smart OTF for High Power Rated SPV Module

et al. 2021

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Solar energy is the most promising renewable resource with an unbounded energy source, capable of meeting all human energy requirements. Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) is an effective approach to convert sunlight into electricity, and it has a promising future with consistently rising energy demand. In this work, we propose a smart solution of outdoor performance characterization of the SPV module utilizing a robust, lightweight, portable, and economical Outdoor Test Facility (OTF) with the Internet of Things (IoT) capability. This approach is focused on the capacitive load-based method, which offers improved accuracy and cost-effective data logging using Raspberry Pi and enables the OTF to sweep during the characterization of the SPV module automatically. A demonstration using an experimental setup is also provided in the paper to validate the proposed OTF. This paper further discusses the advantages of using the capacitive load approach over the resistive load approach. IoT’s inherent benefits empower the proposed OTF method on the backgrounds of real-time tracking, data acquisition, and analysis for outdoor output performance characterization by capturing Current–Voltage (I–V) and Power–Voltage (P–V) curves of the SPV module.

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Effects of various solar spectra on photovoltaic cell efficiency and photonic hydrogen production

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Zamfirescu

2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Field Measurement of PV Array Temperature for Tracking and Concentrating 1 k WpGenerators Installed in Malaysia

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment

PV Module Monitoring System Based on Low-Cost Solutions: Wireless Raspberry Application and Assessment

Capacitive Load-Based Smart OTF for High Power Rated SPV Module

Effects of various solar spectra on photovoltaic cell efficiency and photonic hydrogen production

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