Fight the power: Lanchester's laws of combat in human evolution

Johnson, Dominic; MacKay, Niall

doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2014.11.001

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Variation in paranoia should also be sensitive to the perceived costs of receiving inter-coalitionary aggression, which escalate with low coalitionary support, low social rank or increasing power imbalances between coalitions (67,68). In support of this prediction, risk for psychosis (for which paranoia is the most common delusional theme) is higher among people who have small social networks (69) or who are socially isolated, both of which are proxies for low coalitionary support.…”

Section: Predictions Deriving From a Coalitional Psychology Model Ofmentioning

confidence: 97%

An evolutionary perspective on paranoia

Raihani¹,

Bell²

2018

Preprint

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Although paranoia is the most commonly presenting symptom of psychosis, paranoid thoughts occur frequently in the general population and range widely in severity, from mild socio-evaluative concerns to frank delusions about the harmful intentions of others. Furthermore, paranoia commonly appears after a surprisingly diverse range of difficulties including trauma, brain injury, sleep deprivation, drug use, and psychiatric and neurological disorder. Evolutionary accounts of paranoia have been proposed before but have largely focused on paranoia as a misplaced threat response. Although social threat is clearly a key component, the experience of paranoia is markedly more complex than these accounts would lead us to believe: paranoia can involve multiple alterations in the perception of the social environment, the identification of specific but seemingly arbitrary groups as the source of persecution, and extended beliefs about conspiracy and complex coordination between the perceived persecutors. Here, we argue for an evolutionary approach to paranoia that more fully accounts for its complex social phenomenology and considers how it can be understood in light of our evolved social cognition. More specifically, in terms of the ability to form coalitions and coordinate between groups in situations of cooperation and competition.

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Section: Predictions Deriving From a Coalitional Psychology Model Ofmentioning

confidence: 97%

An evolutionary perspective on paranoia

Raihani¹,

Bell²

2018

Preprint

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“…The ultimate goal is no different from the goal pursued through conventional wars. This definition is supported by Lerer and Amram-Katz (2011), Reeves and Barnsby (2013), Johnson and MacKay (2015).…”

Section: Definitions and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 70%

Hybrid Threats as an Exogenous Economic Shock

Nozharov

2019

SSRN Journal

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The aim of this study is to contribute to the theory of exogenous economic shocks and their equivalents in an attempt to explain business cycle fluctuations, which still do not have a clear explanation. To this end the author has developed an econometric model based on a regression analysis. Another objective is to tackle the issue of hybrid threats, which have not yet been subjected to a cross-disciplinary research. These were reviewed in terms of their economic characteristics in order to complement research in the fields of defence and security.

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“…Additionally, further analyses could relax existing conditions on resource availability, the size of fighting forces, and defensive advantages by allowing these parameters to vary across populations. Moreover, although proportional allocation of resources may be appropriate when there is no direct fighting or when conflict is resolved at the individual level (Johnson and MacKay, 2015), something like Lanchester's squared law of conflict (Lanchester, 1916) might be more appropriate for conflicts involving ant colonies (Franks and Partridge, 1994), chimpanzees (Wilson et al, 2002), and hominids and early humans (Johnson and MacKay, 2015). Also, one can expand our model by allowing within population conflict or situations where actions are not perfectly coordinated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource competition amid overlapping territories: The territorial raider model applied to multi-group interactions

Galanter

Silva

Rowell

et al. 2017

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Many organisms maintain collective territories and compete on behalf of the fitness of the overall group. Inspired by this concept, the territorial raider model is a graph-based resource competition in which populations have fixed home locations and a limited range of sites accessible for raiding. In our present extension of the model, groups control "colonies" or "armies" which can be divided across multiple locations. We present Nash equilibria for games played on both regular graphs and regular bipartite graphs, and we also examine differences that emerge when populations are composed of discrete units (pack scale) or when they are continuously divisible (colony scale). Reliance upon defense over aggressive raiding is greater here than in the original model where populations had to totally commit to a singular action. This defensive posture increases with the advantage of the local population and also varies with the degree of the graph's connectivity. When discrete units are employed, multiple strategies emerge.

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Fight the power: Lanchester's laws of combat in human evolution

Cited by 50 publications

References 76 publications

An evolutionary perspective on paranoia

An evolutionary perspective on paranoia

Hybrid Threats as an Exogenous Economic Shock

Resource competition amid overlapping territories: The territorial raider model applied to multi-group interactions

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