Filteryedping: Design Challenges and User Performance of Dwell-Free Eye Typing

Abstract

The ability to use the movements of the eyes to write is extremely important for individuals with a severe motor disability. With eye typing, a virtual keyboard is shown on the screen and the user enters text by gazing at the intended keys one at a time. With dwell-based eye typing, a key is selected by continuously gazing at it for a specific amount of time. However, this approach has two possible drawbacks: unwanted selections and slow typing rates. In this study, we propose a dwell-free eye typing technique that filters out unintentionally selected letters from the sequence of letters looked at by the user. It ranks possible words based on their length and frequency of use and suggests them to the user. We evaluated Filteryedping with a series of experiments. First, we recruited participants without disabilities to compare it with another potential dwell-free technique and with a dwell-based eye typing interface. The results indicate it is a fast technique that allows an average of 15.95 words per minute after 100min of typing. Then, we improved the technique through iterative design and evaluation with individuals who have severe motor disabilities. This phase helped to identify and create parameters that allow the technique to be adapted to different users.

Life in the Fast Lane: Effect of Language and Calibration Accuracy on the Speed of Text Entry by Gaze

“…For [17] the exact numbers were not reported and are therefore estimated from the graphs in the paper. The same holds for the MSD rate in [9]. Several papers reported on more than one studies.…”

“…In [11] there were two experiments, denoted by e1 and e2. Pedrosa et al [9] carried out a number of experiments; two longitudinal studies with able-bodied participants, followed by individual trials with users with motor disabilities. Here we report the numbers from their second longitudinal study that produced the fastest text entry rates.…”

Filteryedping

“…The system sorts the candidate words based on their length and frequency and presents them to the user for confirmation. Details about the algorithm and implementation can be found in [10]. The name of the technique describes and demonstrates the idea of the technique: filtered eye typing.…”

Data input and content exploration in scenarios with restrictions

“…Nevertheless, there are still a number of unexplored challenges for effectively providing support for collocated group interaction around media. This chapter 1 reports on a user study involving 24 users, intended to better understanding the challenges ahead. Our volunteers-in couples-evaluated our media sharing application prototype, providing valuable feedback with regards to three key challenges: metaphor, digital ecosystem, and level of control.…”

“…Fourth, personal spaces within the tabletop were useful for allowing independent navigation. We consider these results as relevant for the future developments of home media sharing applications for the living room, as they guide designers to overcome restrictions related 1 This chapter is based on the following paper: to the collaborative exploration of personal media using tabletops.…”