Filtration of micron-sized particles in granular media revealed by x-ray computed tomography

Al-Abduwani, Firas A.H.; Farajzadeh, R.; Broek, W.M.G.T. van den; Currie, Peter K.; Zitha, Pacelli L.J.

doi:10.1063/1.2103467

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The deep‐bed‐filtration formula is assumed for the polymer‐entrapment rate, that is, the polymer‐capture rate is proportional to the dispersion‐free polymer flux cu [ Maerker , ; Szabo , ,; Huh et al ., ; Zhang and Seright , ; Yerramilli et al ., ; McDowell‐Boyer et al ., ; Lotfollahi et al ., ]. The proportionality coefficient is the filtration coefficient , in accordance with the experimental data [ Sim and Chrysikopoulos , ; Bold et al ., ; Al‐Abduwani et al ., ; Vaz et al ., ]. The normalized inverse permeability k (0,0)/ k ( ĉ,σ ) is a monotonically increasing function of the sum of the sorbed and the entrapped concentrations ĉ and σ ; its first partial derivatives with respect to c and σ are called the resistance or the permeability‐reduction ( R ) factor and the formation‐damage coefficient ( β ), respectively.…”

Section: Analytical Model For Polymer Flow With Retention and Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous sorption and mechanical entrapment during polymer flow through porous media

Farajzadeh

Bedrikovetsky

Lotfollahi

et al. 2016

Water Resources Research

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Physical adsorption and mechanical entrapment are two major causes of polymer retention in porous media. Physical adsorption is considered an equilibrium process and is often modeled by assuming a Langmuir isotherm. The outcome is a steady state pressure response because the permeability reduction is also accounted for by adsorption. However, some experimental data show gradual increase of pressure with time, implying that polymer retention is a time‐dependent process. We discuss simultaneous effect of sorption and mechanical entrapment on the polymer retention in porous media. An exact solution for 1‐D flow problem for the case of constant filtration coefficient and Langmuir‐sorption isotherm, including explicit formulae for breakthrough concentration and pressure drop across the core is derived. The general model with a varying filtration coefficient was successfully matched with experimental data confirming the occurrence of simultaneous sorption with deep‐bed filtration during polymer flow in porous media. In the absence of mechanical entrapment, the physical adsorption causes delay in the polymer front and does not affect the polymer concentration behind the front. Addition of mechanical entrapment results in slow recovery of the injected concentration at the outlet (for a varying filtration coefficient) or reaching to a steady state concentration, which is only a fraction of the injected concentration (for a constant filtration coefficient). Accurate assessment and quantification of the polymer retention requires both pressure and effluent concentration data at the outlet of the porous medium.

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Section: Analytical Model For Polymer Flow With Retention and Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous sorption and mechanical entrapment during polymer flow through porous media

Farajzadeh

Bedrikovetsky

Lotfollahi

et al. 2016

Water Resources Research

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“…In the third and final case both build-up of the external filter cake are likely to occur simultaneously. This latter case is complex but its characteristic features can be discerned by examining the idealized situation in which the particles size distribution is bi-modal with two distinct and narrow peaks: one corresponding to particles all larger than pore size leading exclusively to an external cake according to (1) and the other corresponding to particles all small than the pores in the formed external filter cake. Below the focus will be on the first case and analysis will thus be limited to the expressions of the leak-volumes versus time for different initial core saturations.…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT Scan Study of the Leak-Off of Oil-Based Drilling Fluids into Saturated Media

2013

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Leak-off of oil-based drilling mud into liquid-saturated cores was studied both theoretically and experimentally. First a simple model for the leak-off process was developed extending an earlier analysis of static filtration into unsaturated cores. Then CT scan aided static filtration experiments were performed in dry, brine-saturated and oil-bearing cores, simulating possible reservoir saturation regimes. Formation of external filter cake and internal filtration of solid particles were visualized and leak-off volumes were measured as function of time. At the end of the experiments the formed external filter cake and internal particle deposition were characterized with the aid of an Electron Scanning Microscope. Using drilling fluids containing carbonate particles it was found that leak-off volumes for saturated cores are larger than for unsaturated cores. It was observed further that leak-off volumes increase with particle size, i.e. consistently with a more permeable external filter cake and limited internal filtration. Leak-off volumes decreased when using smaller hematite particles or barite particles having wider particle distribution size. SPE 165193multi-phase flow in the formation remain insufficiently explored. Recently, we reported an analysis of the leak-off of standard oil-based drilling fluid containing barite and gilsonite into dry Bentheimer sandstone cores. The study introduced an innovative method in which CT scans of the core at time intervals revealed simultaneously the build-up of the external filter cake and internal filtration (Hua et al., 2010;van Overveldt et al., 2011). This technique made it possible to investigate leak-off beyond the capabilities of standard HTHP press test with API filter paper (Aston et al., 2002;Hua et al., 2010). The experiments showed among others things that deep-bed filtration occurred in both deposited filter cake and in the porous medium. However, since cores were initially dry it did not become clear to which extend deep-bed filtration contributed to initiation of the external filter deposition. The microstructure of the external and internal filter cake resulting from the infiltration were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) (Byrne et al., 2000). The objective of this study is to examine both theoretical the leak-off of oil-based drilling fluid into cores either fully saturated with water or containing oil. The study is a detailed extension of our earlier work (van Overveldt et al., 2011) and employs similar techniques mentioned above. Calcium carbonate particles were used instead of barite and no gilsonite was added to the drilling fluid. Effect of particle size and type on the permeability of the external filter cake was investigated by using smaller sized hematite particles instead of barite or carbonate particles in the formulation of the drilling fluid. The paper proceeds with the presentation of the theory (Section 2). Next, details about the experiments (Section 3) and the results and discussed ...

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“…No attempts have been made to measure the deposition profile along a core prior to this work, as far as the authors are aware. This article presents a novel experimental technique for the quantification of the deposition profile along a sandstone core post-mortem, and is the foundation of further work 17 in which multiple online measurements of the deposition profile can be obtained. Such data, along with the effluent concentration profile and pressure measurements along the core can be used to verify and test the different models in a far more rigorous manner than has been done previously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation Damage vs. Solid Particles Deposition Profile During Laboratory-Simulated Produced-Water Reinjection

et al. 2005

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The importance of produced water reinjection (PWRI) is unquestionable. It is in many cases the cheapest and most environmentally friendly solution for wastewater disposal. It is also a feasible method for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) as a waterflooding mechanism.PWRI, however, suffers from a major limitation, which is the current inability in accurately predicting the lifespan and performance of its injection wells. This is because of the multitude of parameters that affect it. Current models 1,2 that incorporate the thermal effects 3 of PWRI leading to fracture growth exist. However, the leakoff pattern of this injection differs from that of clean water (seawater) injection because of the damage caused by the produced water to the formation, especially to the fracture faces. Thus, static filtration experiments with refined post-mortem analysis have been conducted to obtain quantitative deposition profiles along the core. This allows for the testing and verification of existing models. [4][5][6][7][8] The post-mortem analysis introduced in this paper will be used for future dynamic filtration experiments as well as experiments specifically devised to simulate the fracture tip area. A unified model that will accurately reproduce the permeability decline and deposition profile for all three sets of experiments will follow, thus advancing the predictability of injectivity decline associated with PWRI.The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description of the post-mortem analysis, while rigorous testing of the existing heuristic models (for instance, Wennberg and Sharma 6 and Bedrikovedski et al. 7 ) will be published in the near future. 9

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Filtration of micron-sized particles in granular media revealed by x-ray computed tomography

Cited by 33 publications

References 10 publications

Simultaneous sorption and mechanical entrapment during polymer flow through porous media

Simultaneous sorption and mechanical entrapment during polymer flow through porous media

CT Scan Study of the Leak-Off of Oil-Based Drilling Fluids into Saturated Media

Formation Damage vs. Solid Particles Deposition Profile During Laboratory-Simulated Produced-Water Reinjection

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