Fine-scale nutrient and carbonate system dynamics around cold-water coral reefs in the northeast Atlantic

Findlay, Helen S.; Hennige, Sebastian; Wicks, Laura C.; Navas, Juan Moreno; Woodward, E Malcolm S; Roberts, J. Murray

doi:10.1038/srep03671

Cited by 45 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…CWC reef communities, in contrast to soft sediment communities, hence increase the NH 4 + concentration of the bottom water. This modification of the nitrogen cycle by CWC reef communities is consistent with the observations of elevated NH 4 + concentrations in the water column above the CWC mounds at Rockall Bank (Findlay et al, 2014).…”

Section: Nitrogen Fluxes Of a Cwc Reef Communitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Benthic Oxygen and Nitrogen Exchange on a Cold-Water Coral Reef in the North-East Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2019

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Cold-water coral (CWC) reefs are distributed globally and form complex threedimensional structures on the deep seafloor, providing habitat for numerous species. Here, we measured the community O 2 and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) flux of CWC reef habitats with different coral cover and bare sediment (acting as reference site) in the Logachev mound area (NE Atlantic). Two methodologies were applied: the noninvasive in situ aquatic eddy co-variance (AEC) technique, and ex situ whole box core (BC) incubations. The AEC system was deployed twice per coral mound (69 h in total), providing an integral estimate of the O 2 flux from a total reef area of up to 500 m 2 , with mean O 2 consumption rates ranging from 11.6 ± 3.9 to 45.3 ± 11.7 mmol O 2 m −2 d −1 (mean ± SE). CWC reef community O 2 fluxes obtained from the BC incubations ranged from 5.7 ± 0.3 to 28.4 ± 2.4 mmol O 2 m −2 d −1 (mean ± SD) while the O 2 flux measured by BC incubations on the bare sediment reference site reported 1.9 ± 1.3 mmol O 2 m −2 d −1 (mean ± SD). Overall, O 2 fluxes measured with AEC and BC showed reasonable agreement, except for one station with high habitat heterogeneity. Our results suggest O 2 fluxes of CWC reef communities in the North East Atlantic are around five times higher than of sediments from comparable depths and living CWCs are driving the increased metabolism. DIN flux measurements by the BC incubations also revealed around two times higher DIN fluxes at the CWC reef (1.17 ± 0.87 mmol DIN m −2 d −1 ), compared to the bare sediment reference site (0.49 ± 0.32 mmol DIN m −2 d −1 ), due to intensified benthic release of NH 4 + . Our data indicate that the amount of living corals and dead coral framework largely contributes to the observed variability in O 2 fluxes on CWC reefs. A conservative estimate, based on the measured O 2 and DIN fluxes, indicates that CWC reefs process 20 to 35% of the total benthic respiration on the southeasterly Rockall Bank area, which demonstrates that CWC reefs are important to carbon and nitrogen mineralization at the habitat scale.

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Section: Nitrogen Fluxes Of a Cwc Reef Communitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Benthic Oxygen and Nitrogen Exchange on a Cold-Water Coral Reef in the North-East Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2019

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“…This pattern suggests that mixing is important, for supplying food particles, i.e. phytodetritus , to the living corals, as well as transporting dissolved nutrients, organic carbon, CO 2 and O 2 , as is observed near tropical shallow water reefs (Genin et al, 2002;Reidenbach et al, 2006).…”

Section: Microbial Communities and Hydrographymentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Such mixing provides a supply of food particles, i.e. phytodetritus, and constant refreshment of dissolved oxygen and nutrients (Findlay et al, 2014). The relevance of the hydrodynamic mixing regime for the growth of cold-water coral framework and mounds as a whole is a subject of current studies (F. Mienis, personal communication, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In deep cold-water coral ecosystems, insight into the distribution and variability of microbial communities is now also progressing. Research has begun to reveal patterns in the composition of microbial communities associated with coldwater corals (Emblem et al, 2012;Galkiewicz et al, 2011;Hansson et al, 2009;Kellogg et al, 2009;Neulinger et al, 2009;Neulinger et al, 2008;Penn et al, 2006;Schöttner et al, 2009;Schöttner et al, 2012;Yakimov et al, 2006) and the ambient environment (Jensen et al, 2012(Jensen et al, , 2014Jensen et al, 2008;Schöttner et al, 2012;Templer et al, 2011). Schöttner et al (2012) concluded that bacteria in coastal cold-water coral reefs are structured based on habitat (coral branch, mucus, water and sediment) and reef location (four reefs located off Norway).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial assemblages on a cold-water coral mound at the SE Rockall Bank (NE Atlantic): interactions with hydrography and topography

et al. 2015

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This study characterizes the microbial community composition over Haas Mound, one of the most prominent cold-water coral mounds of the Logachev Mound province (Rockall Bank, NE Atlantic). We outline patterns of distribution vertically -from the seafloor to the water column -and laterally -across the mound -and couple these to mound topography and hydrography. Samples of water, sediment and Lophelia pertusa were collected in 2012 and 2013 from locations that were chosen based on high definition video surveys. Temperature and current measurements were obtained at two sites at the summit and foot of Haas Mound to study near-bed hydrodynamic conditions. Overlaying water was collected from depths of 400 m as well as 5 and 10 m above the bottom using a CTD/Rosette system. Near-bottom water, sediment and L. pertusa mucus and skeleton samples were obtained with a box corer. Of all these biotopes, Roche GS-FLX amplicon sequencing targeting both Bacteria and Archaea was carried out, augmenting our understanding of deep sea microbial consortia. The pattern of similarities between samples, visualized by multi-dimensional scaling (MDS), indicates a strong link between the distribution of microbes and the specific biotopes. The microbial operational taxonomic unit (OTU) diversity was the highest in near-bottom water, which was sampled in the coral framework. For the first time, Thaumarchaeota marine group I (MGI) were found in L. pertusa mucus; Endozoicomonas was detected in skeleton, mucus and near-bottom water, whereas Mycoplasma was only detected in skeleton and near-bottom water, however not in mucus. Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) indicates that overlaying water is well-mixed at 400 m depth but less so at 5 and 10 m above the bottom, where the composition of microbial communities differed significantly between summit, slope and off-mound. At all locations, the near-bottom water differed significantly from water at 5 m above the bottom, illustrating that the near-bottom water in between the coral framework represents a separate microbial habitat. Furthermore, the observed spatial heterogeneity in microbial communities is discussed in relation to environmental conditions. Published by CopernicusPublications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. J. D. L. van Bleijswijk et al.: Microbial assemblages on a cold-water coral mound 1000 m 12 9 11 8 24 15 25 46 72 lander

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“…These observations thus raise questions concerning CWC growth rates, in possible relation to different turbulence levels. This is because the strong variability of physico‐chemical conditions due to mixing on the Rockall mounds would, according to Findlay et al [], be beneficiary for the corals as it induces physiological flexibility. By comparing two coral mounds of different sizes that are separated by less than 10 km, the primary goal of this study is to highlight the different flow hydrodynamics in relation to CWC mounds sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the influence of cold‐water coral mound size on flow hydrodynamics, and vice versa

Cyr

Haren

Mienis

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Using a combination of in situ observations and idealistic 2‐D nonhydrostatic numerical simulations, the relation between cold‐water coral (CWC) mound size and hydrodynamics is explored for the Rockall Bank area in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is shown that currents generated by topographically trapped tidal waves in this area cause large isopycnal depressions resulting from an internal hydraulic control above CWC mounds. The oxygen concentration distribution is used as a tracer to visualize the flow behavior and the turbulent mixing above the mounds. By comparing two CWC mounds of different sizes and located close to each other, it is shown that the resulting mixing is highly dependent on the size of the mound. The effects of the hydraulic control for mixing, nutrient availability, and ecosystem functioning are also discussed.

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Fine-scale nutrient and carbonate system dynamics around cold-water coral reefs in the northeast Atlantic

Cited by 45 publications

References 51 publications

Benthic Oxygen and Nitrogen Exchange on a Cold-Water Coral Reef in the North-East Atlantic Ocean

Benthic Oxygen and Nitrogen Exchange on a Cold-Water Coral Reef in the North-East Atlantic Ocean

Microbial assemblages on a cold-water coral mound at the SE Rockall Bank (NE Atlantic): interactions with hydrography and topography

On the influence of cold‐water coral mound size on flow hydrodynamics, and vice versa

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