Fine structure investigations on seeded dry gel and FER zeolite in a novel VPT process

Fast Synthesis of High-Silica ZSM-5 Zeolite via a Simple Vapor-Phase Transport Method

“…reported the synthesis of ANA and MOR zeolites via volatile amine and water as vapor phase. Cheng [9] also observed the synthesis condition of FER zeolites via water-tetrahydrofuran as stream.…”

“…Vapor-phase transport (VPT) method is an alternative approach for fast synthesis of zeolites. The VPT crystallization takes place through using mixture of volatile structure-directing agents (SDAs) and water in the bottom of the autoclave [7][8][9][10]. While the steam-assisted conversion (SAC) method is realized through the dry gels containing non-volatile SDAs and only water in the bottom of the autoclave [11,12].…”

Synthesis of FER zeolite with piperidine as structure-directing agent and its catalytic application

“…FER zeolite is usually synthesized with the assistance of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs), which are generally organic amine compounds, such as ethylenediamine [16,17], pyrrolidine [6,18,19], pyridine [20,21], and cyclohexylamine [22]. Furthermore, oxygen-containing compounds, such as tetrahydrofuran, can be used to direct the synthesis of FER zeolite [23,24]. FER zeolite can also be synthesized using two organic molecules of different sizes as co-OSDAs, with the resultant materials showing unique physical, chemical or catalytic properties.…”