Finite-element analyses of thrust tectonics: Computer simulation of detachment phase and development of thrust faults

Makel, G. H.; Walters, John Victor

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(93)90116-2

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Mulugeta 1988) and in numerical models which have included effects of dilatation, cohesion and strain softening (e.g. Mäkel and Walters 1993;Sassi and Faure 1997). Retro-shear remains focused in the same region, where deformation becomes relatively localized.…”

Section: Sensitivity To Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strain localization as a key to reconciling experimentally derived flow-law data with dynamic models of continental collision

2000

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Published strength profiles predict strength discontinuities within and/or at the base of continental crust during compression. We use finite element models to investigate the effect of strength discontinuities on continental collision dynamics. The style of deformation in model crust during continued subduction of underlying mantle lithosphere is controlled by: (1) experimental flow-law data; (2) the crustal geotherm;(3) strain localization by erosion; (4) strain-softening and other localization effects. In the absence of erosion and other factors causing strain localization, numerical models with typical geothermal gradients and frictional/ductile rheologies predict diffuse crustal deformation with whole-scale detachment of crust from mantle lithosphere. This prediction is at odds with earlier model studies that only considered frictional crustal rheologies and showed asymmetric, focused crustal deformation. Without localization, model deformation is not consistent with that observed in small collisional orogens such as the Swiss Alps. This suggests that strain localization by a combination of erosion and rheological effects such as strain softening must play a major role in focusing deformation, and that strength profiles derived under constant strain rates and uniform material properties cannot be used to infer crustal strength during collision dynamics.

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Section: Sensitivity To Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only recently have effects of strain localization, softening and hardening been considered (e.g . Cundall 1989;Mäkel and Walters 1993;Upton 1998;Vauchez et al 1998;Schmid and Podlachikov 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Strain localization as a key to reconciling experimentally derived flow-law data with dynamic models of continental collision

2000

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“…Притаманні геологічному середовищу порушення гіпотези суцільності (наявність пористості, тріщинуватості, розривів) ускладнюють застосування розроблених для інженерної оцінки міцності підходів, оскільки вимагають більшого обсягу знань, насамперед, геологічних передумов, а наявні дані, наприклад, про глибинну будову, часто мають якісний чи навіть гіпотетичний характер. Незважаючи на наявні обмеження, деяку абстрактність математичних моделей та недосконалість програмного забезпечення, комп'ютерне моделювання має очевидні переваги і широко застосовується для вивчення складних геодинамічних процесів [Mäkel, Walters, 1993;Wissing at al., 2003;Jing, 2003;Ellis at al., 2004;Henk, Nemcok, 2008].…”

Section: вступunclassified

Geodynamics

Khomyak¹,

Khomyak²

2013

ГЕОДИНАМІКА

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“…On the other hand, computations are prolonged and require an appropriate knowledge of rheological parameters, which are usually poorly constrained. During the last decade, numerous finite element modeling has been extensively applied to investigate the stress field and mechanics of deformation in the different parts of the world (Makel and Walters 1993, Willet et al 1993, Beaumont et al 1994, Sassi and Faure 1997, Vanbrabant et al 1999, Mikhailov et al 2001 including the Himalaya (Vergen et al 2001, Sanker et al 2002, Berger et al 2004). However, much less attention has been paid to simulate present-day crustal deformation in the Seismic Gap region of the NW-Himalaya region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical modeling of neotectonic movements and state of stresses in the central Seismic Gap region, Garhwal Himalaya

Joshi

Hayashi

2008

J. Mt. Sci.

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This paper presents finite element modeling (FEM) to simulate the present-day stress field and crustal deformation using NE-SW structural section in the central Seismic Gap region of the Garhwal Himalaya. Our study deals with the effect of geometrical characteristics and rock layer parameters on the upper crust. Modeling results show that two types of tectonic regimes developed in the central Seismic Gap region: the geotectonics of the northern part has been controlled by regional compression, whereas southern part is characterized by regional extension. Correspondingly, thrust faults are induced in the northern part and normal faults are extensively developed in the southern front. Those evidences noticeably indicate that the compressive tectonic environment of the Himalaya becomes change into the extensional tectonic regime in its front. The computed shear stress accumulation along the northern flat of Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) implies that considerable amount of interseismic stress is building up along the MHT system in the Himalaya, which ultimately release through the possible future great Himalayan earthquake (M > 8). The comparison between our modeled stress field, faulting pattern and horizontal shortening rate with the distribution of the microseismic events, focal mechanism solutions, active faulting and GPS data in the central Seismic Gap region shows good agreement.

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Finite-element analyses of thrust tectonics: Computer simulation of detachment phase and development of thrust faults

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Strain localization as a key to reconciling experimentally derived flow-law data with dynamic models of continental collision

Strain localization as a key to reconciling experimentally derived flow-law data with dynamic models of continental collision

Geodynamics

Numerical modeling of neotectonic movements and state of stresses in the central Seismic Gap region, Garhwal Himalaya

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