Finland - the Last Outpost of Western Civilization?

Katajala, Kimmo

doi:10.13109/kize.2014.27.2.299

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In our cases, as a result of numerous conflicts, Kresy became a place that “needed to be protected” (Zarycki, 2014)—in terms of both territory and national identity, and was positioned as the borderland between the East (Russian/Tatar invasions) and the West (see Kolbuszewski, 1995). Similarly, Karelia has long been presented in Finnish historiography as a battleground where the West (Sweden/Finland) met and clashed with the East (Russia) (Katajala, 2014). Complicating these imaginaries is the fact that for significant periods of time both Finland (from 1809 to 1917) and Poland (from 1792 to 1918) were actually part of the Russian Empire.…”

Section: The Framing Of Postmemories Of Karelia and Kresymentioning

confidence: 99%

Territorial phantom pains: Third-generation postmemories of territorial changes

Łukianow

Wells

2022

Memory Studies

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Forced border changes and population transfers have affected many nation-states. However, memories of these events are usually described as part of a “unique” national memory of cartographic violence, “lost” territories, and victimhood. In popular representations, often reinforced by the personal memories of the wartime resettled, the territories ceded from Poland (Kresy) and Finland (Karelia) to the Soviet Union after World War II are remembered and imagined as “timeless” places which preserve and encapsulate “Polishness” and “Finnishness.” “Territorial phantom pains” is a central framing idea for us. We understand phantom pains as a social emotion related to memories and postmemories that tells members of a community that the body of their nation is not complete without the detached territories. Phantom pains are nostalgic, romanticizing, but also exclusive keeping memories of the territorial loss as not (only) memories of personal loss of home and heimat, but of a national loss.

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Section: The Framing Of Postmemories Of Karelia and Kresymentioning

confidence: 99%

Territorial phantom pains: Third-generation postmemories of territorial changes

Łukianow

Wells

2022

Memory Studies

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“…ajan lähteissä oli usein niin, että pelko ilmaistiin samoin sanoin, olipa sitten kysymys venäläisistä tai turkkilaisista. 85 venäjä erosi tietenkin Turkista siinä suhteessa, että sen kansa oli kristittyä. siksi euroopan poliittisessa keskustelussa voitiin myös toivoa venäjältä apua turkkilaisia vastaan.…”

Section: Pitkä Perspektiiviunclassified

Moskovalainen. Ruotsi, Suomi ja Venäjä 1478–1721

Tarkiainen¹

2022

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The Muscovite. Sweden, Finland and Russia 1478–1721 The great change in European relations with Russia took place in 1478 when Muscovy replaced the trading Republic of Novgorod as a neighbor of Sweden, Livonia and Lithuania. Western Europe was since that year bordering to a bellicose great power with large resources causing dread. The feelings of dread caused by Russia with Czars like Ivan the Terrible became a standing theme in printed matter as well as politics and the image of Russia became very much similar to the image of Turkey, which threatened Europe from South-East. Various, usually rather negative, stereotype expressions characterized the vocabulary of the 16th century. The Peace of Stolbova in 1617 started a period of successive change. The era of Sweden as a Great Power led to growing knowledge about Russia in almost every respect, but it was still based on the already accepted stereotypes. They started, however, typically to seem more diluted and thin with time. The image of Russia as a threat was to a growing extent replaced by an image of a possibility. The perhaps most remarkable but rather unoriginal printed Swedish description of Russia of the era was Regni Muschovotici Sciographia, published by Petrus Petrejus. At the final stage of Sweden’s era as a great power there was a substantial widening but also polarization of the information on Russia. The Russian reform process during Tsar Peter I also began to influence the minds after the turn of the century in 1700. One of the principal describers of this process was Lars Johan Malm (Ehrenmalm), whose large manuscript about the power of the Russian Empire of that time, Några Anmärkningar Angående det Ryska Rijkets Nuvarande Macht from 1714, never reached the printers due to intervention from censors.

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Finland - the Last Outpost of Western Civilization?

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Territorial phantom pains: Third-generation postmemories of territorial changes

Territorial phantom pains: Third-generation postmemories of territorial changes

Moskovalainen. Ruotsi, Suomi ja Venäjä 1478–1721

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