“…In shallow waters the bottom reflection loss, caused by absorption and shear wave conversion, represents a dominating limitation to low frequency sonar performance. For construction works in water, geohazard assessment and geotechnical studies the rigidity of the seabed is an important parameter (Smith, 1986;Bryan & Stoll, 1988;Richardson et al, 1991;Stoll & Batista, 1994;, WILKEN et al, 2008Hovem et al, 1991). In some cases the S-wave speed and other geoacoustic properties can be acquired by in-situ measurement, or by taking samples of the bottom material with subsequent measurement in laboratories.…”