FiPo FDTD: Computational Electrodynamics Technique Producing Both Fields and Potentials

Non-uniform magnetic fields for single-electron control

“…The inclusion of the magnetic field, however, introduces additional terms, which depend on the choice of the gauge. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Six decades ago, Stratonovich 18 generalized the Weyl transform to replace the canonical momentum as a phase space coordinate with the kinetic momentum. The latter, being a physical quantity, is gauge invariant, and so is the transport equation for f w derived by the Weyl-Stratonovich transform.…”