Fire-Resistant Sandwich-Structured Composite Material Based on Alternative Materials and Its Physical and Mechanical Properties

Abstract

The development of composite materials from alternative raw materials, and the design of their properties for the intended purpose is an integral part of the rational management of raw materials and waste recycling. The submitted paper comprehensively assesses the physical and mechanical properties of sandwich composite material made from particles of winter rapeseed stalks, geopolymer and reinforcing basalt lattices. The developed composite panel is designed for use as a filler in constructions (building or building joinery). The observed properties were: bending characteristics, internal bonding, thermal conductivity coefficient and combustion characteristics. The results showed that the density of the particleboard has a significant effect on the resulting mechanical properties of the entire sandwich panel. On the contrary, the density of the second layer of the sandwich panel, geopolymer, did not have the same influence on its mechanical properties as the density of the particleboard. The basalt fibre reinforcement lattice positively affected the mechanical properties of sandwich composites only if it was sufficiently embedded in the structure of the particle board. All of the manufactured sandwich composites resisted flame for more than 13 min and the fire resistance was positively affected by the density of the geopolymer layer.

Permeable Water-Resistant Heat Insulation Panel Based on Recycled Materials and Its Physical and Mechanical Properties

“…However, a significant disadvantage of plant materials consisting mainly of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and pectins is their flammability [12]. In terms of building materials, their resistance to burning by geopolymer applications [13,14] can be improved significantly. Geopolymers are materials usually synthesized using an aluminosilicate raw material and an activating solution mainly composed of alkalis of sodium or potassium and water glass [15,16].…”

“…Due to the properties of geopolymers in the form of high strength, resistance to chemicals and, in particular, thermal stability and fire resistance, applications of these geopolymers in the form of protective coatings or coatings on structures [17,18,19,20,21] have been studied in recent years. In the past, the fire resistance of particleboards based on winter rapeseed stalks [13] has been successfully increased by the geopolymer layer. Even better geopolymer properties can be achieved, for example, via the implementation of carbon fibers, which result in better mechanical properties of the entire composite [22].…”

Design and Optimization of Origami-Inspired Orthopyramid-Like Core Panel for Load Damping

“…Sandwich core structures, customarily consisting of two thin faces and the thick lightweight core between them [1], are widely used for energy-absorption applications [2][3][4][5]. Conventional sandwich core structures with honeycomb, foam, and so on have been well documented [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], and there are new studies [14,15] into the fire-and water-proof properties using recycled materials [14,15]. However, honeycomb cores suffer from an unwanted moisture accumulation problem, which leads to deterioration of mechanical performance [16].…”

Water Absorption Properties of Geopolymer Foam after Being Impregnated with Hydrophobic Agents

“…Among many products that are established on geopolymer binders, geopolymer foam belongs to the class of lightweight materials with high porous in its structure which has great use in some areas of the construction requiring fire-resistant, thermal, and acoustic insulation properties [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. It is well-known that geopolymer foam is formed from solid geopolymers with addition of foam agents such as metals (silica, alumina, zinc powders), H 2 O 2 , etc., thus pure geopolymer foam is very sensitive to brittle fracture because of the large number of void spaces in structure.…”