Firm size, business experience and export intensity in SMEs: A longitudinal approach to complex relationships

Majocchi, Antonio; Bacchiocchi, Emanuele; Mayrhofer, Ulrike

doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2005.07.004

Cited by 307 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Some studies still use firm age as a proxy for the duration of firms' internationalization (e.g., Majocchi, Bacchiocchi, & Mayrhofer, 2005;D'Angelo et al, 2013), implicitly assuming that age automatically reflects international experience. However, we find strong evidence that while firm age is positively associated with the likelihood of exit, the length of time a firm has been exporting has a highly negative effect on the probability of export exit: in addition, age has no effect on the likelihood of re-entry, while the length of time out of exporting is strongly inversely correlated with re-entry.…”

Section: Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining intermittent exporting: Exit and conditional re-entry in export markets

Bernini

Love

2016

J Int Bus Stud

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Intermittent exporting is something of a puzzle. In theory, exporting represents a major commitment, and is often the starting point for further internationalization. However, intermittent exporters exit and subsequently re-enter exporting, sometimes frequently. We develop a conceptual model to explain how firm characteristics and market conditions interact to affect the decision to exit and re-enter exporting, and model this process using an extensive dataset of French manufacturing firms from 1997 to 2007. As anticipated, smaller and less productive firms are more likely to exit exporting, and react more strongly to changes in both domestic and foreign markets than larger firms. Exit and re-entry are closely linked. Firms with a low exit probability also have a high likelihood of re-entry, and vice versa. However, the way in which firms react to market conditions at the time of exit matters greatly in determining the likelihood of re-entry: thus re-entry depends crucially on the strategic rationale for exit. Our analysis helps explain the opportunistic and intermittent exporting of (mainly) small firms, the demand conditions under which intermittent exporting is most likely to occur, and the firm attributes most likely to give rise to such behavior.

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Section: Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining intermittent exporting: Exit and conditional re-entry in export markets

Bernini

Love

2016

J Int Bus Stud

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“…Conhecer os determinantes do desempenho exportador das empresas é um objetivo constante entre os pesquisadores de negócios internacionais (Carneiro et al, 2011;Klotzle & Thomé, 2006;Mais & Amal, 2011;Majocchi et al, 2005;Pla-Barber & Alegre, 2007;Singh, 2009, Stoian, Rialp, & Rialp, 2011. Existe, no entanto, uma falta de consenso atinente à definição de medidas adequadas para avaliação do desempenho exportador, o que compromete a comparação de diferentes estudos e prejudica a evolução das teorias de negócios internacionais.…”

Section: Desempenho Exportadorunclassified

Redes, inovação e desempenho exportador: uma abordagem institucional

2014

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Diversos estudos prévios buscaram analisar os fatores determinantes do desempenho exportador. Parte significativa desses estudos tem se dedicado à avaliação do papel dos recursos das empresas, gerenciais, organizacionais, assim como do tamanho e experiência da empresa. Outros procuraram medir o efeito da inovação sobre o desempenho exportador. Contudo há poucos estudos que tratam do efeito do quadro institucional sobre o desempenho exportador. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar os determinantes institucionais do desempenho exportador de empresas, com isso, procurando preencher uma lacuna na literatura de negócios internacionais ao analisar os modos pelos quais o quadro institucional do país de origem afeta o desempenho exportador de empresas. Embora diversos estudos tenham investigado o efeito das instituições do país de origem sobre internacionalização e desempenho exportador, ainda são poucos aqueles que avaliaram os modos e mecanismos pelos quais tais instituições agem e configuram o desempenho exportador de empresas. A contribuição do presente estudo é, a partir de modelagem de equações estruturais, mostrar que o quadro institucional não tem efeito direto sobre o desempenho exportador, mas age de maneira indireta, por meio de mecanismos específicos de transmissão. Tal abordagem aponta para redes de relacionamento e inovação como dois mecanismos que desempenham funções específicas para configurar os efeitos das instituições. Conquanto os resultados empíricos não tenham apontado significância da dimensão inovação, as redes mostram-se como mecanismo específico para transmitir os efeitos do quadro institucional sobre o desempenho exportador.

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“…In this sense, the most experienced firms meet fewer barriers to enter new markets, and their export volume is higher (Majocchi et al, 2005) since age is considered a proxy of experience in the internationalisation process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, under the transaction cost theory, a larger size is considered to enable the firm to adopt a governance structure that suits the requirements of international trade by reducing the transaction costs (Maurel 2009). Therefore, the majority of theoretical explanations suggest that larger firms can better absorb the risks associated with entering a foreign market, take advantage of the economies of scale and have more financial resources to meet the costs of the initial stages of entering new markets (Bernard and Jensen 1999;Verwaal and Donkers 2002;Majocchi et al 2005;Maurel 2009). …”

Section: Selection Model (Extensive Margin)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Networks and export performance of agri-food firms: New evidence linking micro and macro determinants

Serrano¹,

Fraile²,

Olmos³

2016

AGR ECON-CZECH

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Th e paper complements a new line of research that includes the fi rm heterogeneity in trade models. Th e central idea of this research is that only the largest and most effi cient fi rms are capable of exporting. However, the empirical evidence has confi rmed that a large number of SMEs is also involved in internationalisation. Given this context, the aim of the paper is to analyse the infl uence of collaborative networks between fi rms and institutions as an alternative mechanism to the small size of the majority of the fi rms in the agri-food industry. To this end, there was used a longitudinal panel between 1994 and 2012 comprising a sample of 342 Spanish fi rms involved in the business sectors of the food, meat, drink and tobacco industries, and a dynamic Heckman-Probit model was implemented. Th e fi rst stage studies the positive infl uence of collaborative networks in fi rms' decision to export and the second stage analyses the eff ect of cooperation mechanisms on export intensity. Th e results show a positive eff ect of business cooperation networks in both stages suggesting that SMEs can overcome the barrier of their small size in their internationalisation process through other mechanisms, such as collaborative networks.

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Firm size, business experience and export intensity in SMEs: A longitudinal approach to complex relationships

Cited by 307 publications

References 64 publications

Explaining intermittent exporting: Exit and conditional re-entry in export markets

Explaining intermittent exporting: Exit and conditional re-entry in export markets

Redes, inovação e desempenho exportador: uma abordagem institucional

Networks and export performance of agri-food firms: New evidence linking micro and macro determinants

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