First acquisition of data from a prototype 3-D position sensitive CZT PET system

Abbaszadeh, Shiva; Gu, Yi; Sikora, Uzair; Levin, Craig S.

doi:10.1109/nssmic.2014.7430998

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…We are developing a small animal positron emission tomography (PET) system based on cross-strip CZT detectors configured to achieve high spatial resolution and high sensitivity (Figure 2) [11, 12, 13, 14, 3, 15, 16, 17]. This system comprises four panels providing an adjustable, box-shaped field of view with maximum field-of-view (FOV) of 100 mm × 100 mm × 80 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positioning true coincidences that undergo inter-and intra-crystal scatter for a sub-mm resolution cadmium zinc telluride-based PET system

2018

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The kinematics of Compton scatter can be used to estimate the interaction sequence of inter-crystal scatter interactions in 3D position-sensitive cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors. However, in the case of intra-crystal scatter in a 'cross-strip' CZT detector slab, multiple anode and cathode strips may be triggered, creating position ambiguity due to uncertainty in possible combinations of anode-cathode pairings. As a consequence, methods such as energy-weighted centroid are not applicable to position the interactions. In practice, since the event position is uncertain, these intra-crystal scatters events are discarded. In this work, we studied using Compton kinematics and a 'direction difference angle' to provide a method to correctly identify the anode-cathode pair corresponding to the first interaction position in an intra-crystal scatter event. GATE simulation studies of a NEMA NU4 image quality phantom in a small animal positron emission tomography under development composed of 192, [Formula: see text] mm CZT crystals shows that 47% of total numbers of multiple-interaction photon events (MIPEs) are intra-crystal scatter with a 100 keV lower energy threshold per interaction. The sensitivity of the system increases from 0.6 to 4.10 (using 10 keV as system lower energy threshold) by including rather than discarding inter- and intra-crystal scatter. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) also increases from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. It was shown that a higher energy threshold limits the capability of the system to detect MIPEs and reduces CNR. Results indicate a sensitivity increase (4.1 to 5.88) when raising the lower energy threshold (10 keV to 100 keV) for the case of only two-interaction events. In order to detect MIPEs accurately, a low noise system capable of a low energy threshold (10 keV) per interaction is desired.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positioning true coincidences that undergo inter-and intra-crystal scatter for a sub-mm resolution cadmium zinc telluride-based PET system

2018

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“…High density channels increases the cost of the readout electronics especially when it comes to integration of large-scale electronics for applications such as PET and SPECT. In cross-strip detector configuration, anodes and cathodes are perpendicular to each other which offers a high packing fraction (99%) by enabling tight stack of crystals on top of each other and lower number of readout channels [5]- [8]. In some applications, the reduced complexity of the readout electronics, low cost, and high packing fraction make cross-strip configurations advantageous at the cost of higher capacitance and lower energy resolution compared to the pixel-array design [9], [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Flexible Circuit Bonding and System Integration on Energy Resolution of Cross-Strip CZT Detectors

Enlow

Diba

Clayton

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) detectors enables high spatial resolution and high detection efficiency and are utilized for many gamma-ray and X-ray spectroscopy applications. In this paper, we describe a stable bonding process and report on the characterization of cross-strip CZT detectors before and after bonding to flexible circuit. The bonding process utilizes gold stud bonding and polymer epoxy technique to bond the flexible circuits to two CZT crystals and form a detector module in an Anode-Cathode-Cathode-Anode (ACCA) configuration. The readout electronics is optimized in terms of shaper setting and steering electrode voltage. The average full width half maximum (FWHM) energy resolution at 662 KeV of 110 CZT crystals tested individually was 3.5% ± 0.59% and 4.75% ± 0.48% prebonded and post-bonded, respectively. No depth correction was performed in this study. The average FWHM energy resolution at 662 KeV of the scaled-up system with 80 CZT crystals was 4.40% ± 0.53%, indicating the scaled-up readout electronics and stacking of the modules does not deteriorate performance. The proper shielding and grounding of the scaled-up system slightly improved the system-wide performance. The FWHM energy resolution at 511 KeV of the scaled-up system was 5.85% ± 0.73%.

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Investigating the Effect of Time Window on Cross-Strip CZT PET System

Gholami,

Shoop,

Romanchek

et al. 2024

2024 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Confere

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First acquisition of data from a prototype 3-D position sensitive CZT PET system

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Positioning true coincidences that undergo inter-and intra-crystal scatter for a sub-mm resolution cadmium zinc telluride-based PET system

Positioning true coincidences that undergo inter-and intra-crystal scatter for a sub-mm resolution cadmium zinc telluride-based PET system

Impact of Flexible Circuit Bonding and System Integration on Energy Resolution of Cross-Strip CZT Detectors

Investigating the Effect of Time Window on Cross-Strip CZT PET System

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