First case of monkeypox virus, SARS-CoV-2 and HIV co-infection

Nolasco, Santi; Vitale, Francesco; Geremia, Alessandro; Tramuto, Fabio; Maida, Carmelo Massimo; Sciuto, Alice; Coco, C.; Manuele, Rosa; Frasca, Emilio; Frasca, Maria; Magliocco, Salvatore; Gennaro, A.; Tumino, Elda; Maresca, Mauro; Montineri, Arturo

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.08.014

Cited by 50 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We found that there was no difference in the median time fitted by the three models (Table; Appendix Table 2). In addition, the estimated time until the loss of DNA detection in various clinical samples was consistent with previous findings in case reports [5] , [6] .…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

Persistence of monkeypox virus DNA in clinical specimens

Li²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection

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supporting

confidence: 89%

Persistence of monkeypox virus DNA in clinical specimens

Li²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection

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“…To our knowledge, COVID-19 infection presents usually with fever, cough, fever and smell and tasting disorders. However, the characteristic vesicular and ulcerative lesions in the genital lesions together with the enlargement of lymph nodes in our series are not common features of the disease and suggested co-infection with MPV based upon the manifestations reported in the published literature (6,7). In our series of patients, elevated white blood cells was noticed in two of three patients, which confirms other comorbid infectious condition rather than COVID-19 that is not associated with WBCs rise in most cases (8).…”

supporting

confidence: 49%

COVID-19 and monkeypox co-infection: A rapid systematic review

El‐Qushayri

Reda²,

Shah³

2022

Front. Immunol.

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In this paper we aimed to study the characteristics, laboratory data and outcomes of monkeypox virus (MPV) and COVID-19 co-infection. On 2nd October 2022, we used the search term “(“monkeypox virus” OR “MPV” OR “monkey pox” OR “monkeypox”) AND (“COVID-19” OR “COVID 19” OR “novel coronavirus” OR “SARS−CoV−2”)” in five databases to collect the relevant articles. We found three male patients, who had sex with men prior to the infection, had multiple comorbid conditions, were diagnosed with PCR, and were admitted to the hospital. The length of hospital stay was 4, 6, and 9 days. On admission, two cases had multiple vesicular lesions on various sites of the body associated with tonsillar inflammation, while the third case had genital ulcers and inguinal lymph node enlargement. All cases were managed in the hospital and recovered well. It might still be too early to establish solid evidence about the exact cause-effect association between SARS-CoV-2 and MPV co-infection and patient’s outcomes because of the current low sample size. Accordingly, future relevant investigations, estimating the risk ratio of this association are needed to formulate definite evidence.

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“…This notion is being corroborated in The Netherlands but also globally, due to some MSM sub-populations, such as MSM who use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and MSM with a diagnosed HIV being labelled as the most at-risk population for monkeypox [ 8 , 9 ]. There is also evidence that coinfection of monkeypox and HIV is possible [ 10 ]. Together with this epidemiological perspective, it is relevant to understand how members of affected communities perceive themselves in terms of monkeypox risk, and to examine which subpopulation among MSM considers themselves at most risk and is most concerned about monkeypox.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Monkeypox Concern and Risk among Men Who Have Sex with Men: Evidence and Perspectives from The Netherlands

et al. 2022

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The current monkeypox epidemic is most prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM). PrEP users and MSM with HIV (MSMHIV) are considered at highest risk of monkeypox infection in the Netherlands, and are being targeted for monkeypox vaccination. Together with the epidemiological evidence, perceived concern and risk are also relevant for decision making about health behaviour, e.g., vaccination uptake. It is thus timely to examine which subpopulations among MSM consider themselves to be most at risk and are most concerned about monkeypox. This study aimed to help determine if the current measures to curb the epidemic are successfully targeted or not in the Netherlands. We conducted an online survey among 394 MSM living in the Netherlands. We first calculated the prevalence and standardised prevalence ratio (SPR) of high perceived monkeypox concern/risk by PrEP-use and HIV status. We then conducted two multivariable logistic regression analyses to investigate perceived monkeypox concern/risk and their potential socio-demographic/behavioural/health/psycho-social determinants. Among the included MSM, 52% showed high perceived concern about and 30% showed high perceived risk of monkeypox infection. PrEP users (SPR = 0.83) showed a significantly lower chance of perceived concern; in addition, MSMHIV (SPR = 2.09) were found to have a significantly higher chance of perceiving high risk of monkeypox infection. In the multivariable logistic analyses, non-PrEP users (aOR = 2.55) were more likely to perceive higher concern, while MSM who were retired (aOR = 0.23) and who had had chemsex recently (aOR = 0.63) were less likely to perceive higher concern. MSMHIV (aOR = 4.29) and MSM who had an unknown/undisclosed HIV status (aOR = 6.07), who had attended private sex parties (aOR = 2.10), and who knew people who have/had monkeypox (aOR = 2.10) were more likely to perceive a higher risk for monkeypox infection. We found that high perceived risk (aOR = 2.97) and high perceived concern (aOR = 3.13) were correlated with each other. In sum, only one-third of MSM living in the Netherlands considered themselves at high risk of monkeypox infection, and only half of them reported high concern. We identified a potential discrepancy between “actual risk” and perceived risk of and concern about monkeypox among MSM in this early stage of the monkeypox epidemic in the Netherlands, especially among PrEP users and MSMHIV. More refined public health communication strategies may be needed to improve the understanding and knowledge of the “actual risk” of monkeypox infections among MSM sub-populations, to facilitate health behaviour uptake.

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First case of monkeypox virus, SARS-CoV-2 and HIV co-infection

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

Persistence of monkeypox virus DNA in clinical specimens

Persistence of monkeypox virus DNA in clinical specimens

COVID-19 and monkeypox co-infection: A rapid systematic review

Perceived Monkeypox Concern and Risk among Men Who Have Sex with Men: Evidence and Perspectives from The Netherlands

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