First Description of Partial Atrioventricular Septal Defect in a Rabbit

Girolamo, Nicola Di; Palmieri, Chiara; Toaldo, Marco Baron; Nicoletti, Annalisa; Spattini, Giliola; Zeyen, Ulrich; Selleri, Paolo

doi:10.1053/j.jepm.2017.10.023

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In humans, the most common anomalies encountered in the vessels originating from the aortic arch involve the branching of the right subclavian and common carotid arteries (Natsis et al., 2009). In veterinary medicine, there are several descriptions of such anomalies in the dog (Bezuidenhout, 1989; Nam et al., 2003; Vitums, 1962), goat (Yilmaz and Arican, 2009), rabbit (Crary and Fox, 1980; Crary & Fox, 1980; Di Girolamo et al., 2018; Nakata et al., 2018) and pig (Hsu & Du, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous branching of the aortic arch in a dog

Wyatt

Rutllant

2022

Anat Histol Embryol

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Anomalies in the subclavian and common carotid arteries can be of interest in cases of cranial mediastinal surgeries, as well as to diagnose the cause of oesophageal constrictions leading to clinical signs of dysphagia (dysphagia lusoria). The development and regression of the aortic arches are of key importance in understanding the origin of these type of vascular anomalies. This report describes the congenital anomalous aortic origin of the common carotid and the subclavian arteries in a 14-year-old dog and the plausible developmental pattern failure. Academic dissection revealed a common bicarotid trunk and bisubclavian trunk arising from the most cranial aspect of the aortic arch. Despite the abnormal origin, these vessels displayed a predominantly standard anatomical course. All the anticipated branches were identified and described. Cardiac abnormalities were also noted including right atrial dilation, coronary sinus enlargement, right and left valvular endocardiosis, a patent foramen ovale and marked concentric left ventricular hypertrophy with compensatory left atrial dilation. Additionally, the right recurrent laryngeal nerve demonstrated an aberrant course consistent with a 'non-recurrent laryngeal nerve' (non-RLN). Awareness of the anatomical variations of the aortic arch is important for surgical interventions of the cranial mediastinum as well as radiological interpretation. Although infrequent, the variants similar to the one described here have been reported in different species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous branching of the aortic arch in a dog

Wyatt

Rutllant

2022

Anat Histol Embryol

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“…Congenital heart defects are seldom reported in rabbits. The few cases described in the literature include ventricular septal defect with aortic valve insufficiency [1], atrial septal defect [2], and partial atrioventricular septal defect [3]. No publications referring to right atrioventricular valvular (RAV) hypoplasia, dysplasia, or aplasia in rabbits have been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right Atrioventricular Valvular Dysplasia in a New Zealand White Rabbit

Reed

Blaisdell

2021

Case Reports in Veterinary Medicine

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A sixteen-week-old, male New Zealand White rabbit was euthanized following an acute onset of respiratory distress and cyanosis. On necropsy, the rabbit had marked right atrioventricular eccentric hypertrophy, absence or rudimentary presence of the septal leaflet of the right atrioventricular valve, focally extensive left ventricular infarction, diffuse hepatic chronic passive congestion, and diffuse pulmonary edema. To our knowledge, right atrioventricular valvular hypoplasia, dysplasia, or aplasia has not been previously described in rabbits.

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“…C ardiovascular disease in rabbits has historically been described as an uncommon disease with previous literature limited to occasional case reports and anecdotal information [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Rabbits have been used extensively as animal models for atherosclerosis, endocarditis, and drug-induced ardiomyopathies. [10][11][12] A recent retrospective study 3 on cardiovascular disease at a veterinary teaching hospital described an overall prevalence of 2.6%. The most common types of cardiovascular disease included cardiomyopathy followed by myocarditis and arteriosclerosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of pimobendan following oral administration to New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Ozawa

Guzmán

Hawkins

et al. 2022

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetics and potential adverse effects of pimobendan after oral administration in New Zealand White rabbits (Ocytolagus cuniculi). ANIMALS 10 adult sexually intact (5 males and 5 females) rabbits. PROCEDURES 2 pilot studies were performed with a pimobendan suspension or oral tablets. Eight rabbits received 7.5 mg of pimobendan (mean 2.08 mg/kg) suspended in a critical care feeding formula. Plasma concentrations of pimobendan and O-demethylpimobendan (ODMP) were measured, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for pimobendan by noncompartmental analysis. Body weight, food and water consumption, mentation, urine, and fecal output were monitored. RESULTS Mean ± SD maximum concentration following pimobendan administration was 15.7 ± 7.54 ng/mL and was detected at 2.79 ± 1.25 hours. The half-life was 3.54 ± 1.32 hours. Plasma concentrations of pimobendan were detectable for up to 24 hours. The active metabolite, ODMP, was detected in rabbits for 24 to 36 hours. An adverse event occurred following administration of pimobendan in tablet form in 1 pilot study, resulting in death secondary to aspiration. No other adverse events occurred. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Plasma concentrations of pimobendan were lower than previously reported for dogs and cats, despite administration of higher doses, and had longer time to maximum concentration and half-life. Based on this study, 2 mg/kg of pimobendan in a critical care feeding formulation should maintain above a target plasma concentration for 12 to 24 hours. However, further studies evaluating multiple-dose administration as well as pharmacodynamic studies and clinical trials in rabbits with congestive heart failure are needed to determine accurate dose and frequency recommendations.

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First Description of Partial Atrioventricular Septal Defect in a Rabbit

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Anomalous branching of the aortic arch in a dog

Anomalous branching of the aortic arch in a dog

Right Atrioventricular Valvular Dysplasia in a New Zealand White Rabbit

Pharmacokinetics of pimobendan following oral administration to New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

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