First detection and complete genome characterization of a Cherry (C) strain isolate of plum pox virus from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) in Germany

Sequence Analysis of Plum pox virus Strain C Isolates from Russia Revealed Prevalence of the D96E Mutation in the Universal Epitope and Interstrain Recombination Events

“…Seven new and six previously characterized PPV-C full-length genomes share 98.2 to 99.4% and 97.9 to 99.9% identities at the nt and aa levels, respectively, in agreement with previous data indicating low molecular heterogeneity of the strain C [ 15 , 22 ]. At the same time, the PPV-C population has been shown to be heterogeneous in terms that about half of the known isolates bear the D96E mutation while another one does not ( Table 2 ).…”

“…Threonine (T) at position 2836 (CP) is substituted for isoleucine (I) in the Ka15. Serine at position 2919 (CP) is substituted for alanine in the newly sequenced isolate GC27 from Germany [ 22 ]. The mentioned positions probably should be excluded from the list of amino acids unique to cherry-adapted strains.…”

“…PPV-C was identified in the countries of the former USSR: Moldova [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], Belarus [ 12 ], and Russia [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. In addition, it was reported on sour and sweet cherries from Italy [ 18 ], Romania [ 19 ], Hungary [ 20 ], Croatia [ 21 ], and Germany [ 22 ]. In most cases, these isolates were found in single trees and the epidemiological relevance of PPV-C was not shown until now.…”

“…The full-length genomes of two more isolates SoC and SwC were sequenced after their maintenance in Nicotiana benthamiana [ 23 ] and may contain mutations resulting from adaptation to the herbaceous host. The insufficient number of available PPV-C sequences limits the capability to analyze their diversity, evolution, and genetic factors contributing to the adaptation to cherry [ 22 ].…”

Genetic Diversity of Potyviruses Associated with Tulip Breaking Syndrome

“…Interspecific recombination was detected only in a few cases, such as in the case of Watermelon mosaic virus [ 45 ] and Narcissus viruses [ 46 ], but intraspecific recombination is remarkably frequent. Recombination was also detected in the case of potyviruses: Bean yellow mosaic virus [ 47 ], Canna yellow streak virus [ 48 ], Lettuce mosaic virus [ 49 ], Pea seed-borne mosaic virus [ 50 ], Plum pox virus [ 38 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ], Potato virus Y [ 56 , 57 ], Turnip mosaic virus [ 58 ], Watermelon mosaic virus [ 45 ], Zucchini tigré mosaic virus [ 59 ], Zucchini yellow mosaic virus [ 60 , 61 ]. Recombination hot-spots were identified in the P1 gene, but recombination in the NIb and CP regions were also identified in several cases.…”