First evidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in Aceh cattle: Pathomorphology and antigenic distribution in the lungs

Abstract

Background and Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging zoonotic and foodborne pathogen worldwide. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) was reported as the causative agent of bovine mastitis. This is the first study in Indonesia that has been conducted to determine the capsular serotype of K. pneumoniae, pulmonary gross pathology and histopathology, and distribution of hvKp in the lungs of Aceh cattle. Materials and Methods: The presence of K. pneumoniae in Aceh cattle was investigated in two slaughterhouses in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Lung tissues with gross pathological lesions were collected from 15 cattle presenting with depression, dehydration, or cachexia. The confirmation and capsular serotyping of K. pneumoniae isolates were performed using polymerase chain reaction. The tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry to observe the histopathological lesions and the distribution of the hvKp antigens. Results: The pneumonic lesions identified in the lungs of Aceh cattle included hyperemia, hemorrhage, consolidation, and atelectasis. K. pneumoniae was isolated in all 15 lung tissues with pathological pneumonic lesions. Two patterns of infection were observed histopathologically. Acute infection was characterized by hyperemia, inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage, bronchiolar epithelium hyperplasia, bronchial and bronchiolar obstruction with purulent exudates, edema, and atelectasis. On the other hand, chronic infection was defined by macrophage infiltration, emphysema, bronchial dilatation, pleural fibrosis, and alveolar wall thickening by interstitial fibrosis. Immunohistochemical staining using monospecific antisera induced by the hvKp isolate confirmed the presence of K. pneumoniae-specific antigens in the acute infection, predominantly in the bronchiolar, vascular, and alveolar areas. In contrast, generally diffuse infiltrates were found in the pleura and interstitial alveolar areas in chronic infection. Conclusion: hvKp can be detected in the lungs of Aceh cattle, representing acute and chronic infections. The distribution of Klebsiella antigens in the lung tissue was consistent with the histopathological findings.

Molecular Studies on Some Virulent and Multi-Drug Resistant Cattle Klebsiella Strains and their Heamatobiochemical Impacts

“…In the present study, K. pneumoniae was found in almost half (46.7%) of the lung tissue of the analyzed 30 slaughtered cows. This was in parallel with (Darniati et al, 2021), who isolated hvKp from all examined lung tissue of Aceh cattle in Indonesia exhibiting acute and chronic upper respiratory tract infection. In addition, K. pneumoniae was also isolated in 25% of total 150 pneumonic lungs in a slaughterhouse in Nigeria.…”

“…K. pneumoniae in pneumonic lungs was regarded as the second most prevalent pathogen after Staphylococcus aureus in mixed bacterial respiratory infection in cattle (Darniati et al, 2021). In the present study, K. pneumoniae was found in almost half (46.7%) of the lung tissue of the analyzed 30 slaughtered cows.…”

“…Bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) could be regarded as the main obstacle for animal farm owners worldwide as it negatively impacts animal performance causing high mortality rate and significant economic losses (Lee et al, 2020). Because of the limited data on Klebsiella species and their association with BVD, K. pneumoniae especially the hypervirulent (hvKp) strains had been reiterated periodically in acute and chronic respiratory infections in cattle (Darniati et al, 2021).…”

Detection of multidrug-resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from oropharyngeal swab in broiler chickens

“…Capsule and biofilm formation facilitate K. pneumoniae survival through the bactericidal activity of antimicrobial peptides, serum and complement, and phagocytic activity [21]. Furthermore, [22) reported an inhibition phagocytosis to K. pneumoniae, indicated by rarely present of macrophage in the lung areas with encapsulated bacteria.…”

Bicyclomycin Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens

“…The bacterial burden was measured by homogenizing the organs after the animals were euthanized and plating diluted samples onto agar for bacterial enumeration. Infected lungs were also stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histopathological analysis ( 18 ). Animal protocol XMULAC201900295 was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee.…”