First Experience on Participatory Barley Breeding in Algeria

Reguieg, M. M.; Labdi, Mohamed; Benbelkacem, A.; Hamou, M.; Maatougui, M.; Grando, S.; Ceccarelli, Salvatore

doi:10.1080/15427528.2013.794756

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The reasons for lack of adoption or for limited adoption are several and have been discussed by Weltzien and Witcombe (1989), Ceccarelli et al (1991), Saade et al (1993), Brush (1995), Legg and Thresh (2000), Sall et al (2000), Hossain et al (2012), Li et al (2012), Reguieg et al (2013), and Yahiaoui et al (2014).…”

Section: Measures Of Plant Breeding Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Plant Breeding

Ceccarelli¹

2015

Crop Science

164

126

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Participatory plant breeding (PPB) has been practiced for several reasons, including sociological, humanitarian, and egalitarian. This paper aims to demonstrate that PPB should be practiced simply because it increases plant breeding efficiency, which is defined as (i) the ratio between the number of varieties adopted and the number of crosses made, (ii) the response to selection, and (iii) the benefit/cost ratio, not only as often done by public breeding programs, by the number of varieties released by public breeding programs. After reviewing the reasons for the lack of adoption of several of the varieties released, and the theoretical basis justifying the use of correlated response to measure selection gains, the issue of the benefit/cost ratio is discussed within the context of adoption rates. The assumption is that without adoption, no benefit will occur. Ways to increase the three measures of breeding efficiency are discussed in detail, and the conclusion is made that the three measures can be increased by combining decentralized selection with farmers’ participation in a PPB program. The essential features of a PPB program are reviewed, including the experimental designs and statistical analysis used to increase the precision of on‐farm trials. The findings show that PPB increases breeding efficiency, both in terms of response to selection measured over the time from the initial cross to adoption and in terms of the benefit/cost ratio as a consequence of a higher adoption rate. In a PPB program, adoption starts during the process of selection and precedes variety release. In a conventional plant breeding (CPB) program, the sequence is reversed. Other differences between a PPB and a CPB program include the increase of agrobiodiversity, which in a PPB program is higher because of the rapid spatiotemporal turnover of varieties, and because the seed of new varieties is readily available to farmers, thus contributing to food security. Because of its decentralized nature, PPB can accommodate organic farms and become easily adopted by both national and international public breeding programs as one way of adapting crops to climate changes.

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Section: Measures Of Plant Breeding Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Plant Breeding

Ceccarelli¹

2015

Crop Science

164

126

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“…Among many biotic antagonists with which barley cultivation is faced (Benbelkacem, 1996), net blotch can cause an average loss up to 40% (Sayoud et al, 1999). Only two barley landraces, Saida183 and Tichedrette, are relevant in Algeria (Ghalem-Djender et al, 2016) and they are both highly susceptible to net blotch (Reguieg et al, 2013).…”

Section: Handling Editor : Junhyun Jeonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of the Pyrenophora teres Population in Algeria to Quinone outside Inhibitors, Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors and Demethylation Inhibitors

Lammari

Rehfus²,

Stammler³

et al. 2020

Plant Pathol J

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Net blotch of barley caused by Pyrenophora teres (Died.) Drechsler, is one of the most destructive diseases on barley in Algeria. It occurs in two forms: P. teres f. teres and P. teres f. maculata. A total of 212 isolates, obtained from 58 fields sampled in several barley growing areas, were assessed for fungicide sensitivity by target gene analysis. F129L and G137R mitochondrial cytochrome b substitution associated with quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) resistance, and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) related mutations (B-H277, C-N75S, C-G79R, C-H134R, and C-S135R), were analyzed by pyrosequencing. In vitro sensitivity of 45 isolates, towards six fungicides belonging to three chemical groups (QoI, demethylase inhibitor, and SDHI) was tested by microtiter technique. Additionally, sensitivity towards three fungicides (azoxystrobin, fluxapyroxad, and epoxiconazole) was assessed in planta under glasshouse conditions. All tested isolates were QoI-sensitive and SDHI-sensitive, no mutation that confers resistance was identified. EC 50 values showed that pyraclostrobin and azoxystrobin are the most efficient fungicides in vitro, whereas fluxapyroxad displayed the best disease inhibition in planta (81% inhibition at 1/9 of the full dose). The EC 50 values recorded for each form of net blotch showed no significant difference in efficiency of QoI treatments and propiconazole on each form. However, in the case of fluxapyroxad, epoxiconazole and tebuconazole treatments, analysis showed significant differences in their efficiency. To our knowledge, this study is the first investigation related to mutations associated to QoI and SDHI fungicide resistance in Algerian P. teres population, as well as it is the first evaluation of the sensitivity of P. teres population towards these six fungicides.

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“…With respect to grain yield and numbers of grains per spike (comprised by the second principal component), Rihane03 excels, which is in good agreement with the results by Reguieg et al . (2013), where this genotype generated the highest yield in the hands of four scored farmers. Thus, these three varieties stick out from the entire set and render them favourable for the use as fodder, which is the economically most relevant use in Algeria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Examples for the success of this strategy are the Durum wheat varieties BIDI17 or Oued Zenati368. For barley, the varieties Saïda183 and Tichedrett were selected among a large number of local accessions (Reguieg et al ., 2013) and have, since their release in the late 1990s, acquired the largest economic impact, although they are susceptible to most barley diseases. Geographically Saïda183 was developed in Western high plateaus of Algeria and is more adapted to semi-arid conditions, while Tichedrett originates from the Eastern high plateaus and can cope with higher rainfall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The varieties with the largest economic impact are Saïda183 and Tichedrett that derive from landraces adapted to semi-arid high-plateaus area (Ullrich, 2011). They represent about 90 and 10% of the cultivated area, respectively, and are the varieties preferred by the farmers in Algeria (Reguieg et al ., 2013). In addition, several varieties were released in the frame of breeding programmes performed mainly in cooperation with the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), or bilateral collaboration programmes such as with the Institut National de Recherche Agronomique de Tunis (INRAT) and Institut National de Recherche Agronomique Maroc (INRAM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The popular Algerian barley landraces Saïda and Tichedrett are autochthonous – evidence from RAPD, SSR and agrophenological markers

Guetteche,

Jarrar,

Khiyel

et al. 2022

Plant Genet. Resour.

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The characterisation of traditional barley varieties from North Africa is promising with respect to detect traits linked with resilience to drought. Nine Algerian barley varieties comprising the economically relevant local landraces Saïda183 and Tichedrett were genotyped by random amplifying polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers to get insight into their phylogenetic relationship and to compare the efficiency of the two approaches. The SSR markers were chosen such that all chromosomes of barley were represented by at least one marker. In addition, a principal component analysis (PCA) of morpho-agronomical traits was conducted. We found that the phylogeny based on the RAPD markers reflected the geographical distribution of the tested varieties, while the phylogeny based on the SSR markers reflected the pedigree. Among the RAPD markers, the maximal polymorphism information content was obtained for BY14 with a value of 0.82, for the SSR markers, Bmg13 was most informative with a value of 0.60. The similarity matrix used to the construct the phylogenetic tree, inferred a close relationship (Jaccard Index 0.8 based on RAPD markers) between the accessions Fouara and Oued-Athmania occurring in close vicinity. The SSR markers group the autochthonous varieties Saïda183 and Tichedrett together with a Jaccard Index of 0.8. The close phylogenetic relationship between Saïda183 and Tichedrett is also supported by the PCA of morphological and agronomic traits. Our data underpin the diversity of Algerian barley varieties and lend support to the autochthonous origin of these two Algerian landraces.

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First Experience on Participatory Barley Breeding in Algeria

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Efficiency of Plant Breeding

Efficiency of Plant Breeding

Sensitivity of the Pyrenophora teres Population in Algeria to Quinone outside Inhibitors, Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors and Demethylation Inhibitors

The popular Algerian barley landraces Saïda and Tichedrett are autochthonous – evidence from RAPD, SSR and agrophenological markers

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