First insight into the heritable variation of the resistance to infection with the bacteria causing the withering syndrome disease in Haliotis rufescens abalone

Brokordt, Katherina; González, Roxana; Farías, William J.; Winkler, Federico M.; Lohrmann, Karin B.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2017.08.014

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For example, red abalone may have developed heritable traits that confer immunity, as suggested by Brokordt et al (2017). Alternatively, it is possible that Ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These distinct pleomorphic inclusions, independent from confirmatory TEM, are currently recognized as representing phage-containing Ca . Xc (Brokordt et al, 2017; Crosson et al, 2014; González et al, 2014). Further characterization suggests this phage is a member of the Siphoviridae family and employs a lytic life cycle, which results in lysis of the host cell and replicates its genetic material separately from that of the host (Cruz-Flores & Cáceres-Martínez, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A preliminary study investigating effects of breeding found that there is a genetic component to Ca. Xc infection susceptibility (Brokordt et al, 2017). Interbreeding between abalone species has been show to transfer susceptibility to WS (González et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differing responses of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) and white abalone (H. sorenseni) to infection with phage-associated Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis

Vater

Byrne

Marshman

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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The Rickettsiales-like prokaryote and causative agent of Withering Syndrome (WS)—Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (Ca. Xc)—decimated black abalone populations along the Pacific coast of North America. White abalone—Haliotis sorenseni—are also susceptible to WS and have become nearly extinct in the wild due to overfishing in the 1970s. Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis proliferates within epithelial cells of the abalone gastrointestinal tract and causes clinical signs of starvation. In 2012, evidence of a putative bacteriophage associated with Ca. Xc in red abalone—Haliotis rufescens—was described. Recently, histologic examination of animals with Ca. Xc infection in California abalone populations universally appear to have the phage-containing inclusions. In this study, we investigated the current virulence of Ca. Xc in red abalone and white abalone at different environmental temperatures. Using a comparative experimental design, we observed differences over time between the two abalone species in mortality, body condition, and bacterial load by quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). By day 251, all white abalone exposed to the current variant of Ca. Xc held in the warm water (18.5 °C) treatment died, while red abalone exposed to the same conditions had a mortality rate of only 10%, despite a relatively heavy bacterial burden as determined by qPCR of posterior esophagus tissue and histological assessment at the termination of the experiment. These data support the current status of Ca. Xc as less virulent in red abalone, and may provide correlative evidence of a protective phage interaction. However, white abalone appear to remain highly susceptible to this disease. These findings have important implications for implementation of a white abalone recovery program, particularly with respect to the thermal regimes of locations where captively-reared individuals will be outplanted.

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“…For example, red abalone may have developed heritable traits that confer immunity, as suggested by Brokordt et al (2017). Alternatively, it is possible that Ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differing responses of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) and white abalone (H. sorenseni) to infection with phage-associated Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis

Vater

Byrne

Marshman

et al. 2018

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, these differences may be the result of other changes in the system, particularly as red abalone have been challenged by the disease for nearly 30 years. For example, red abalone may have developed heritable traits that confer immunity, as suggested by Brokordt et al (2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These distinct pleomorphic inclusions, independent from confirmatory TEM, are currently recognized as representing phage-containing Ca. Xc (Brokordt et al 2017;Crosson et al 2014;González et al 2014). Further characterization suggests this phage is a member of the Siphoviridae family and employs a lytic life cycle, which results in lysis of the host cell and replicates its genetic material separately from that of the host (Cruz-Flores & Cáceres-Martínez 2016).…”

Section: Manuscript To Be Reviewedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Differing responses of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) and white abalone (H. sorenseni) to infection with phage-associated Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (v0.2)"

Ben‐Horin¹

2018

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The Rickettsiales-like prokaryote and causative agent of Withering Syndrome (WS)-Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (Ca. Xc)-decimated black abalone populations along the Pacific coast of North America. White abalone,-Haliotis sorenseni-are also susceptible to WS and have become nearly extinct in the wild due to overfishing in the 1970s. Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis proliferates within epithelial cells of the abalone gastrointestinal tract and causes clinical signs of starvation. In 2012, evidence of a putative bacteriophage associated with Ca. Xc in red abalone-Haliotis rufescens-was described. Recently, histologic examination of animals with Ca. Xc infection in California abalone populations universally appear to have the phage-containing inclusions. In this study, we investigated the current virulence of Ca. Xc in red abalone and white abalone at different environmental temperatures. Using a comparative experimental design, we observed differences over time between the two abalone species in mortality, body condition, and bacterial load by quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). By day 251, all white abalone exposed to the current variant of Ca. Xc held in the warm water (18.5ºC) treatment died, while red abalone exposed to the same conditions had a mortality rate of only 10%, despite a relatively heavy bacterial burden as determined by qPCR of posterior esophagus tissue and histological assessment at the termination of the experiment. These data support the current status of Ca. Xc as less virulent in red abalone, and may provide correlative evidence of a protective phage interaction. However, white abalone appear to remain highly susceptible to this disease. These findings have important implications for implementation of a white abalone recovery program, particularly with respect to the thermal regimes of locations where captively-reared individuals will be outplanted.

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Disease and potential disease agents in wild and cultured abalone

Moore

2023

Abalone: Biology, Ecology, Aquaculture and Fisheries

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First insight into the heritable variation of the resistance to infection with the bacteria causing the withering syndrome disease in Haliotis rufescens abalone

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Differing responses of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) and white abalone (H. sorenseni) to infection with phage-associated Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis

Differing responses of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) and white abalone (H. sorenseni) to infection with phage-associated Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis

Peer Review #2 of "Differing responses of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) and white abalone (H. sorenseni) to infection with phage-associated Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (v0.2)"

Disease and potential disease agents in wild and cultured abalone

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