First Report of Trichoderma aggressivum f. aggressivum Green Mold on Agaricus bisporus in Europe

Lóránt, Hatvani; Kredics, László; Allaga, Henrietta; László, Manczinger; Vágvölgyi, Csaba; Kuti, K.; Geösel, András

doi:10.1094/pdis-12-16-1783-pdn

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The original view considering Trichoderma species as biocontrol agents has recently evolved to the concept that they are avirulent, endophytic plant symbionts capable of long-lasting colonization and penetration of roots and providing the plants with various beneficial effects (Harman et al, 2004 ; Lorito et al, 2010 ). However, besides the positive implications of the genus, Trichoderma species may also be harmful for agriculture, like in the case of mushroom production, where Trichoderma occurs as the causal agent of green mold disease severely affecting cultivated mushrooms (Hatvani et al, 2008 , 2017 ; Kredics et al, 2010 ). Moreover, certain species of the genus are known as opportunistic human pathogens, and the causal agents of different diseases may also originate from agricultural environments (Druzhinina et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Tools for Monitoring Trichoderma in Agricultural Environments

et al. 2018

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Various Trichoderma species possess significance in agricultural systems as biofertilizers or biocontrol agents (BCAs). Besides these beneficial features, certain Trichoderma species can also act as agricultural pests, causing the green mold disease of cultivated mushrooms. This double-faced nature of the genus in agricultural environments points at the importance of proper monitoring tools, which can be used to follow the presence and performance of candidate as well as patented and/or registered biocontrol strains, to assess the possible risks arising from their application, but also to track harmful, unwanted Trichoderma species like the green molds in mushroom growing facilities. The objective of this review is to discuss the molecular tools available for the species- and strain-specific monitoring of Trichoderma, ranging from immunological approaches and fingerprinting tools to exogenous markers, specific primers used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as “omics” approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Tools for Monitoring Trichoderma in Agricultural Environments

et al. 2018

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“…Green mold is a devastating disease for mushroom farmers in crops such as button mushroom, oyster mushroom, shiitake, winter mushroom, or milky mushroom ( Calocybe indica ) [ 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 ]. In December 2015, massive green mold epidemics caused by Trichoderma aggressivum f. aggressivum was reported to occur in Hungary, with nearly 100% crop loss in the infected button mushroom beds [ 114 ]. Symptoms of disease detected in compost and casing surface have been described as extensive sporulating green patches covering the substrates and generating brown spotting on mushroom caps [ 113 ] ( Figure 1 d).…”

Section: Green Mold ( Trichoderma Spp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptoms of disease detected in compost and casing surface have been described as extensive sporulating green patches covering the substrates and generating brown spotting on mushroom caps [ 113 ] ( Figure 1 d). Several species belonging to the genus Trichoderma have been described as a causative agent for the disease including T. aggressivum [ 114 ], T. citrinoviride [ 109 ], T. pleuroticola, and T. pleuroti [ 112 ] or T. harzianum [ 111 ]. Different degree of virulence among biotypes is described, highlighting T. aggressivum f. europaeum and T. aggressivum f. aggressivum as the most dangerous parasites in button mushroom crops [ 113 , 115 , 116 ].…”

Section: Green Mold ( Trichoderma Spp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Fungal Diseases in Mushroom Crops while Dealing with Fungicide Resistance: A Review

Gea¹,

Navarro²,

Santos

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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Mycoparasites cause heavy losses in commercial mushroom farms worldwide. The negative impact of fungal diseases such as dry bubble (Lecanicillium fungicola), cobweb (Cladobotryum spp.), wet bubble (Mycogone perniciosa), and green mold (Trichoderma spp.) constrains yield and harvest quality while reducing the cropping surface or damaging basidiomes. Currently, in order to fight fungal diseases, preventive measurements consist of applying intensive cleaning during cropping and by the end of the crop cycle, together with the application of selective active substances with proved fungicidal action. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the redundant application of the same fungicides has been conducted to the occurrence of resistant strains, hence, reviewing reported evidence of resistance occurrence and introducing unconventional treatments is worthy to pave the way towards the design of integrated disease management (IDM) programs. This work reviews aspects concerning chemical control, reduced sensitivity to fungicides, and additional control methods, including genomic resources for data mining, to cope with mycoparasites in the mushroom industry.

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“…Several researches from all around the world have illustrated the devastating effects of green mould disease in mushroom production caused by Trichoderma species like T. citrinoviride, T. harzianum, T. aggressivum, T. pleuroti, T. viride, T. polysporum, T. longibrachiatum, T. koningii, and T. pleuroticola (Kim et al, 2012;Kumar et al, 2017;Hatvani et al, 2017;Innocenti et al, 2018;Choi et al, 2010). Singh et al (2006) recognized T. harzianum as the most important species of Trichoderma capable of causing green mould disease in many instances and resulting in potential yield losses.…”

Section: Trichoderma Spp (Green Mould)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nagy et al (2012) reported 20-30% yield loss due to Trichoderma during the second flush of oyster mushroom production. Massive green mould epidemics occured in Hungary in 2015 resulting 100% crop loss in button mushrooms from the infection of T. aggressivum f. aggressivum (Hatvani et. al., 2017).…”

Section: Global Production Trend Of Mushrooms and Trufflesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Fungal Contaminants of Mushrooms and Their Management

Ghimire

Pandey

Joshi³

et al. 2021

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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Mushrooms are known for several nutritional and medicinal benefits and are cultivated worldwide. Several fungal contaminants of mushrooms have been serving as the major restraining factor in the growing mushroom industry for a long time. Fungal contaminants like Trichoderma spp., Mycogone spp., Lecanicillium spp., Cladobotryum spp., Coprinus spp., Sependonium spp., Sclerotium rolfsii, and Cephalothecum roseum among many, are found to infect mushroom crops at different stages from spawn run period to maturation of fruiting bodies. These contaminants may reduce yield and/or degrade the quality of fruiting bodies of the mushroom causing economic losses. These contaminants are usually peculiar in terms of their symptomatology on the substrates, disease cycle, epidemiological requirements, and yield losses. Most of these contaminants come from poorly sterilized substrates. Several sterilization techniques like steam sterilization, hot water sterilization, alkalinization, bleaching, and chemical sterilization can be employed to eliminate pre-existing contaminants and each technique has its own relative advantage over others. Besides, biological control involving botanicals and live antagonists can also be used as prophylactic sterilant or as therapeutic sprays. Biological control measures are friendly to the environment and human health. Unlike chemical fungicides (used as sterilant or spray), biological control measures don’t inhibit mushroom mycelial growth and even don’t raise the problem of pesticide resistance in pathogens. Roguing out of infected mushroom fruiting bodies or beds, mushroom house sanitation, and management of vector population are also equally important in preventing the spread of the fungal diseases of mushrooms. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(2): 80-93

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First Report of Trichoderma aggressivum f. aggressivum Green Mold on Agaricus bisporus in Europe

Cited by 26 publications

References 3 publications

Molecular Tools for Monitoring Trichoderma in Agricultural Environments

Molecular Tools for Monitoring Trichoderma in Agricultural Environments

Control of Fungal Diseases in Mushroom Crops while Dealing with Fungicide Resistance: A Review

Major Fungal Contaminants of Mushrooms and Their Management

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